OUR TOWN

Reverence of the Border Official of Yi for the Sage

Debbie — Mon, 13 Jan 2025 02:28:57 +0000

by 歐修梅

The story comes from “Ba Yi” of the Analects of Confucius

The border official of Yi requested an audience, saying, “Whenever a noble man comes to this place, I never miss the opportunity to see him.”

The disciples sent him in.

Upon leaving, he remarked, “Why do you, my companions, fear the loss of the rites? The world has long been without the Way. Heaven shall surely use the Master as its wooden clapper to awaken all.”

“Yi” was a city in the State of Wei, and the term “fong-ren” referred to an official in charge of border territories. This unnamed official from the city of Yi requested to meet Confucius. He said, “Whenever a virtuous and noble person passes through Yi, I never fail to meet them.”

So, Confucius’ students led the border official of Yi to meet him.

After the border official of Yi came out, he said to Confucius’ students, “Gentlemen! Why do you worry that your teacher will not find a position in the government? The world has been without the Way for a long time. The heavens surely intend to use your teacher as a wooden clapper to spread the Great Way throughout the world, which is why he travels from state to state!”

This painting depicts the story of the border official of Yi requesting an audience with Confucius. In the painting, Confucius and the official bowed to each other, with Confucius positioned above and the border official of Yi below, symbolizing the official’s reverence for the sage.

The Joy of Receiving a Humble Food Gift

Debbie — Mon, 13 Jan 2025 02:22:21 +0000

by 歐修梅

The story comes from Confucius’ Family Sayings: Reflections

In the State of Lu, there lived a frugal man who prepared food with a humble pottery vessel and found it pleasing upon tasting his modest fare. The person placed the food in an earthen bowl and offered it to Confucius. Confucius received it with genuine joy, as if it were a sumptuous feast.

Zi Lu remarked, “The bowl is a common vessel, and the food within is plain. Why does my master find such delight in it?”

Confucius responded, “A man who cares deeply for his king is ever mindful of him, and one who savors good food remembers his parents. My joy does not lie in the elegance of the food or the vessel, but the thought of me in one’s moment of enjoyment!”

In the State of Lu, there was a frugal person who used pottery pots to cook his food. Finding the food delicious, he placed some of it in a pottery bowl and offered it to Confucius. Confucius seemed as delighted as if he had received the “three sacrifices”—beef, lamb, and pork.

Zi Lu, one of Confucius’ students, wondered, “The gift was placed in a simple open pottery bowl, which is a rather lowly utensil. The food itself is plain and unsophisticated, too. Why are you so pleased, my teacher?” Confucius replied, “A person who cares deeply about his king and often wishes to offer advice always thinks of his king. Similarly, someone who respects and loves his parents will think of them when enjoying good food. I am happy not because of the richness or quality of the food and the utensil, but because he thought of me when he had something nice to eat.”

This painting depicts the story of Confucius feeling delighted upon receiving a food gift in the State of Lu. The Lu citizen at the bottom is depicted with a slightly gaunt face, suggesting he was impoverished. Confucius, positioned above him, expressed joy upon receiving the food, highlighting that he valued the person’s sincerity more than the material value of the gift. This reflects a core of Confucius’ philosophy -- the “ren” (benevolence) that comes from heartfelt intentions.

Lord Jing’s Reverence and Humility

Debbie — Mon, 13 Jan 2025 02:13:12 +0000

by 歐修梅

The story comes from Records of the Grand Historian: The House of Confucius

Lord Jing of Qi sought counsel from Confucius on governance. Confucius replied, "Let kings be kings, ministers be ministers, fathers be fathers, sons be sons.”

Lord Jing responded, “Wonderful! For if the king is not as a king should be, the minister not as a minister should be, the father not as a father should be, and the son not as a son should be, even though there may be grain in the granary, how would I possibly enjoy it?”

On another day, Lord Jing again inquired Confucius about the principles of governance. Confucius said, “Good governance lies in frugality.” Pleased, Lord Jing considered bestowing upon Confucius the lands of Ni Creek.

This story took place during Confucius’ middle years, a period when the State of Lu was plagued by civil warfare. Lord Zhao of Lu was defeated by the three most powerful families in the state and fled to the State of Qi. Confucius also left Lu and traveled to Qi, where he had the opportunity to meet Lord Jing of Qi.

Lord Jing of Qi consulted Confucius on the principles of ruling a country. Confucius advised, “Let kings be kings, ministers be ministers, fathers be fathers, and sons be sons.” In other words, kings should act like kings, ministers should act like ministers, fathers should act like fathers, and sons should act like sons.

Lord Jing of Qi replied, “Well said! If kings do not act like kings, ministers do not act like ministers, fathers do not act like fathers, and sons do not act like sons, even there is plenty of grain in the warehouse, how will I ever get to enjoy it?”

A few days after, Lord Jing of Qi consulted Confucius again about the principles of ruling a country. Confucius advised, “Be mindful of conserving financial resources when ruling a country.” Lord Jing of Qi was delighted by this advice and wished to bestow a piece of land near Ni Creek to Confucius.

Pitifully, the plan was thwarted due to the intervention of Yan Ying.

This painting depicts the audience between Lord Jing of Qi and Confucius. The scene is set in the wilderness beneath a pine tree. The lord is accompanied by two guards, one holding an umbrella and the other a lamp. Confucius is positioned slightly lower. The lord and his esteemed guest are shown bowing to each other in mutual respect.

Returning from the Yellow River during a Westward Journey

Debbie — Mon, 13 Jan 2025 01:55:30 +0000

by 歐修梅

The story comes from Records of the Grand Historian: The House of Confucius

Confucius, finding no favor in the State of Wei, resolved to journey west to seek an audience with Zhao Jianzi. However, as Confucius reached the banks of the Yellow River, tidings of the deaths of Dou Mingdu and Shun Hua fell upon his ears. Standing by the river, he lamented, “How splendid the river is, vast and boundless! That I shall never cross it is indeed my fate!”

Zi Gong stepped forward and inquired, “May I ask, Master, what do you mean?”

Confucius replied, "Dou Mingdu and Shun Hua were virtuous ministers in the land of Jin. Before Zhao Jianzi ascended to his power, he leaned upon these men to govern. But when his ambition was fulfilled, he had them slain. I have heard it said, ‘If a land slays the unborn by cutting open the womb, the Chinese unicorn shall not wander its fields; if the waters be drained and the fish taken, the scaled dragon shall not stir the clouds to rain; if the nests be overturned and the eggs destroyed, the Phoenix shall not grace the skies above. Why so? Because the noble abhor harming their own kind. If even birds and beasts shun injustice, how much more should I!”

And so he returned, taking refuge in the town of Zou, where he composed the Zou Melody to mourn their tragic fate.

Confucius, feeling unappreciated in the State of Wei, decided to head west with the intention of meeting Zhao Jianzi, the Chief Minister of the State of Jin. However, upon reaching the banks of the Yellow River, he unexpectedly heard news that Zhao Jianzi had murdered two virtuous ministers of Jin, Dou Mingdu and Shun Hua. Confucius, gazing at the river, lamented, “How beautiful the Yellow River is! It seems that I am destined never to cross you and journey west!”

Zi Gong took a step forward and asked, “What do you mean, my teacher?”

Confucius replied, “Dou Mingdu and Shun Hua were both virtuous ministers of Jin. Zhao Jianzi relied on their talents to gain control of the government. Now that he has consolidated his power, he murders them first. As a saying goes, ‘If there is a place where people cut open the wombs of animals and kill the unborn, the Chinese unicorn will not go there. If there is a place where people drain water to catch fish, the scaled dragon will not bring rain there. If there is a place where people overturn nests to take eggs, the phoenix will never go there.’ Why? It is because noble people do not want to see their kind get hurt. Even birds and beasts know they should avoid cruelty and injustice, let alone me, Kong Chiu!”

So, Confucius returned to Zouxiang and wrote a Tsou Melody in memory of the unfortunate Dou Mingdu and Shun Hua.

This painting depicts the story of Confucius returning swiftly halfway on his westward journey to Zhao Jianzi upon learning the death of Dou Mingdu and Shun Hua.

Passing through the State of Song in Humble Attire

Debbie — Mon, 13 Jan 2025 01:47:27 +0000

by 歐修梅

The story comes from Records of the Grand Historian: The House of Confucius

During a journey from the State of Cao to the State of Song, Confucius and his disciples engaged in the studies of the rites under the boughs of a large tree.

Harboring the thought of slaying Confucius, Commander Huantui ordered the tree to be felled.

Confucius took his leave. A disciple noted, “We should hasten our steps.”

Confucius replied, “Heaven has bestowed virtue upon me; what can Huantui truly bring upon me?”

Confucius traveled across various states, persuading their kings to adopt benevolent and virtuous governance. Although he successfully secured audiences with many kings and ministers, and even convinced rulers such as Lord Jing of Qi, he was never heavily trusted due to ostracism, slander, and defamation. At times, he even faced life-threatening dangers.

During this unsettled journey, Confucius and his disciples continued their studies. In 493 B.C., as they left the State of Cao for the State of Song, Confucius and his students practiced rituals under a large tree. Huantui, a military commander of Song, intended to murder Confucius. He sent someone to chop down the tree which provided shade to Confucius and his students as a gesture of intimidation. A student suggested, “To prevent any unforeseen danger, we should leave quickly!”

Confucius replied, “Since Heaven has bestowed virtue upon me, what can Huantui do to me?” This means that, while morality stems from personal cultivation, a person can only develops his virtue when Heaven has bestowed it upon him. Huantui despised Confucius for his virtue. However, even if Huantui could kill Confucius’ physical body, he could not take away his virtue. The virtue is bestowed by Heaven and does not belong solely to Confucius. As long as others continue to embody the heavenly virtue that Confucius received, Huantui will never be able to kill them all.

The painting depicts this episode from the life of Confucius. It does not portray the perilous moment when Huantui sent someone to cut down the tree as a warning. Rather, this picture depicts the scene where Confucius sent a young student to ask for directions as they passed through the State of Song. To avoid danger, Confucius was dressed in modest civilian garments. It is evident that, despite his plain outfits, Confucius was still revered by the literati.

Learning the Importance of the Book of Songs and Propriety in a Courtyard

Debbie — Fri, 10 Jan 2025 05:32:59 +0000

by 歐修梅

The story comes from “Ji Shi” of the Analects of Confucius

Chen Kang inquired of Boyu, “Do you possess any special knowledge?”

Boyu responded, “No. I recall once when my father was standing alone and I passed through the courtyard. He asked, ‘Have you studied the Book of Songs?’ I replied, ‘No.’ He said, ‘Without studying the Book of Songs, one cannot speak with decorum.’ Thus, I withdrew to study the Book of Songs.

On another day, my father was standing alone again, and I passed by the courtyard. He asked, ‘Have you studied propriety?’ I answered, ‘No.’ He said, ‘Without studying propriety, one cannot conduct oneself properly in society.’ So, I withdrew to study propriety. These are the two teachings I received.”

Chen Kang, upon hearing this, was delighted and remarked, “By posing a single query, I have gained three lessons: the significance of the Book of Songs, the importance of propriety, and the fact that a true gentleman refrains from demonstrating favor towards his own offspring.”

Confucius’ son was named Li with a courtesy name of Boyu. One day, Confucius’ disciple Chen Kang asked Boyu, “Have you heard any special teachings from your master (Confucius)?”

Boyu replied, “No. I only remember that once my father (Confucius) was standing in in the hall alone. As I walked by the courtyard, my father asked, ‘Have you studied the Book of Songs?’ I replied, ‘I haven’t.’ My father said, ‘If you don’t study the Book of Songs, you won’t know how to speak properly.’ So I studied the Book of Songs thoroughly.

Later, one day, my father was standing in the hall alone again. When I passed by the courtyard, my father asked, ‘Have you studied propriety?’ I replied, ‘I haven’t.’ My father said, ‘If you don’t study propriety, you won’t know how to interact with others properly in this world.’ So I studied propriety. Those are the two teachings I received privately.”

Chen Kang was pleased upon hearing the reply and said, “By asking one question, I have gained three insights. First, I have come to understand the significance of the Book of Songs. Second, I have learned about the value of propriety. Third, I have realized that a gentleman does not show favoritism to his own children in private.”

This painting depicts Confucius asking his son Kong Li to study the Book of Songs and propriety. Confucius is shown standing on a step beneath the roof, with Kong Li on a lower step. Even though they are father and son, they treated each other with mutual respect.

Releasing Small Fish as a Virtuous Deed

Debbie — Fri, 10 Jan 2025 01:48:28 +0000

by 歐修梅

The story comes from Confucius’ Family Sayings: Explanation of Modesty

One of Confucius’ disciples, Mi Zijian, held office in the State of Lu, presiding over Danfu. After three years, Confucius dispatched Wu Maqi to assess Mi’s administration.

Removing his usual garments at night for a weathered fur coat, Wu Maqi entered the precincts of Danfu.

There, he witnessed a fisherman who, under the cover of night, released every fish he had caught. Intrigued, Wu Maqi inquired, “Most fishermen retain the fish they capture. What compels you to set them free?”

The fisherman replied, “The larger fish, known as ‘chou,’ are cherished by our magistrate. The smaller ones, named ‘sheng,’ are intended by our magistrate to grow. Hence, I release both kinds whenever I catch them.”

Upon his return, Wu Maqi reported to Confucius, “The virtue of Mi Zijian is so widespread that his subjects act as though under stringent laws, even in secrecy. How has he achieved such influence?”

Confucius responded, “I once said to him, ‘Sincerity in one place manifests as if it were strict law in another.’ Mi Zijian has practiced this principle in Danfu.”

Confucius had a student named Mi Zijian, who served as an official managing the town of Danfu in the State of Lu. Mi Zijian governed with an honest mind, practicing benevolence with sincerity and loyalty, which deeply inspired townspeople. After three years, Confucius sent another disciple, Wu Maqi, to Danfu to learn about Mi Zijian’s achievements in governance.

Wu Maqi took off his official attire and, in secret, changed to a tattered leather coat before entering the land of Danfu. There, he saw a man fishing at night, who released the fish he had just caught. Wu Maqi was curious and asked, “Most people keep the fish they catch. Why did you release it at all?” The fisherman explained, “In a group of fish, the larger ones are called ‘chou,’ which means pregnant abalone, while the smaller ones are called ‘sheng.’ Our magistrate Mi Zijian is highly protective of wildlife and cherishes them. He wants us to catch only fully grown fish. The fish I caught fall into both categories, so I released them.”

After he returned, Wu Maqi reported everything he had seen to Confucius and said, “Mi Zijian’s virtuous governance is so effective that people feel they are under strict surveillance even when acting in secret. My master, how could he achieve this?”

Confucius replied, “I once told Zijian, ‘Uttermost sincerity demonstrated in one place will serve as the most exemplary model in another.’ I believe Zijian applied this principle in his governance in Danfu!”

This painting depicts the story of Wu Maqi observing a fisherman catching fish in Danfu. Confucius once said, “The superior’s virtue is like the wind, and the inferior’s virtue is like grass. Wherever the wind blows, the grass bends.” The saying refers to the superior’s virtue as the wind and the inferior’s virtue as the grass in a field. When the wind blows across the grass, the grass moves in the direction of the wind. Wherever the wind blows, the grass bends in that direction. Therefore, Confucius taught Mi Zijian to treat people with sincerity. When Mi Zijian practiced benevolence with sincerity in places that can be monitored by all, in places that no one can see, such as waterfront at night, people will carry out exemplary deeds, such as protecting wildlife and respecting the laws of nature.

The Stories of Confucius in Taiwanese Temple

Debbie — Fri, 10 Jan 2025 01:06:05 +0000

by 歐修梅

In Taiwan, there is a “grand temple” in every traditional Han community. It is the center for religion, entertainment, commerce, education, social gatherings, and community governance for locals.

The local “grand temples” have their own primary deities, accompany by other gods. Although Confucius, the Great Sage and Teacher, is the primary deity in official Confucian temples, he is also often enshrined as an accompanying god in other grand temples. Devotees affectionately refer to him as Lord Confucius.

Shanxi Temple is the “grand temple” in Guanziling, Tainan, dedicated to the worship of Saintly Emperor Guan Yu. Within the temple, there is a Confucius Hall that worships Confucius.

The nine shrine paintings behind the statue of Confucius are particularly noteworthy. They are woodblock prints featuring the “plain-sketch” technique by artist Pan Lishui (1914–1995), depicting scenes from the life of Confucius. There are a few noteworthy aspects of this set of artworks:

First, this set of artworks is among the last pieces created by artist Pan Lishui in his career. Shanxi Temple was established in 1982, and by 1985, Pan had become semi-retired due to health issues, leading to a significant decrease in the number of his creations.

Second, artist Pan Lishui’s door gods paintings, beam and bracket paintings, and temple murals are deeply adored in Taiwan. His plain-sketch works are relatively rare. The set of plain-sketch woodblock prints at Shanxi Temple is one such example.

At last, this set of artworks depicts a few stories from the life of Confucius. In one scene, he appears stranded, while in others, he is shown with great respect. We can imagine that, when elders bring youngsters to the temple to worship Lord Confucius, they might use these paintings to introduce the stories and deeds of Confucius to the younger generation. This serves as the simplest, most straightforward, and yet profound form of education.

Love River Upstream Walking Tour

Debbie — Sat, 21 Dec 2024 05:41:16 +0000

by Xu Ting-Wei, project student

On the morning of December 21, the "Cultural and Historical Innovation Community" under the USR program of Wenzao Ursuline University of Languages successfully hosted a cultural walking tour themed around the upper stream of the Love River. Led by lecturer Zhang Shouzhen, the event combined professional explanations with on-site exploration, attracting participants from various backgrounds. The event provided an in-depth understanding of the historical background and cultural significance of the upper stream of the Love River.

On the day of the event, participants gathered at the Minzu First Road entrance of Wenzao Ursuline University and began their route along the Minzu Bridge (Wenzao Bridge), passing landmarks such as Dingxin Bridge and Shihu Park. Guided by Lecturer Zhang Shouzhen, the group visited culturally and historically significant sites, including the Wenzao Heritage Square, Wenzao Gongjian Hall, and the Kaohsiung Dao De Institute. They also learned about the functions and impact of the Cao Gong Irrigation System and the “Xianzilin Reservoir.”

Additionally, the walking tour covered traditional Minnan-style residential architecture and the Fudingjin Baoan Temple. Participants climbed Fudingjin Hill to enjoy scenic views of Lion Head Mountain and Golden Lion Lake. Through the activity, participants not only experienced the diversity of the upper stream of the Love River but also gained insight into the development of the riverbanks and the way of life in early Kaohsiung.

This walking tour provided participants with a rich cultural experience and a deeper appreciation of Kaohsiung's historical culture. During the event, community members shared cultural stories with the public, extending learning beyond the classroom and integrating it into real life, thereby achieving the goal of applying knowledge in practical contexts.

In the future, the Cultural and Historical Innovation Community will continue to focus on Kaohsiung’s local culture, organizing more diverse activities to help the public uncover the city’s unique charm. Through foreign languages, the team also aims to share Kaohsiung’s stories with a broader international audience.

The lecturer introduces the ecological and historical stories of the guided tour location.

The lecturer explained the architectural history of the Wenzao Heritage Square.

The lecturer discusses the plants surrounding Xianzilin Reservoir.

The lecturer elaborated on the early uses and historical significance of cinnamon.

Kaohsiung Religion Walking Tour

Debbie — Sat, 21 Dec 2024 01:41:26 +0000

by Du Yan-Jhih, project student

Lotus Pond

Did you know? Lotus Pond was originally called "Lotus Flower Pond." It’s located on the eastern side of Zuoying District in Kaohsiung, nestled between the main north-south railway line and the Gaoping River. The pond spans a large area of about 42 hectares and is surrounded by Guishan (Turtle Mountain) and Banpingshan (Half-Screen Mountain), creating a unique and picturesque landscape. Back in the Qing Dynasty, the area was renowned for the lotus and water lilies blooming in summer, earning it the name "Fragrant Waters of the Lotus." The floral scent would waft across the surroundings, making it one of the "Eight Sights of Fengshan." Especially at dusk, the lake reflects Banpingshan and the Dragon and Tiger Pagodas in the sunset, creating a tranquil atmosphere.

If you visit Lotus Pond, you can take a walk along its western shore, where landmarks like Ciji Temple, the Dragon and Tiger Pagodas, Spring and Autumn Pavilions, Qiming Hall, and Yuan Di Temple are all located. The area also features well-designed lakeside roads and bike paths. Along the way, you can enjoy views of ancient temples and lush greenery, making it a great spot for walking or cycling.

Every year in mid-October, Lotus Pond hosts its annual "Wannian Festival." One of the event's highlights is the "Fire Lion Welcoming" blessing ceremony at Ciji Temple. In addition to the festivities, there are plenty of local snacks available, offering a chance to experience Zuoying’s local culture.

Ciji Temple

Did you know? Locals affectionately call this temple the "Old Ancestral Temple." It is located by the Lotus Pond in Zuoying District, Kaohsiung City, and was built before 1719, making it over 300 years old! The temple is dedicated to Poh Seng Tai Tay, one of the key guardian deities for early Taiwanese settlers who crossed the sea to Taiwan. Back then, pioneers brought this deity from their hometown as a family god to pray for safety. Over time, the family deity evolved into a shared belief within the community.

In folk religion, Poh Seng Tai Tay is like an ancient version of a "family doctor." At Ciji Temple, you can always see devout worshippers praying for their family's health and well-being. Not only that, in addition to the help of modern medicine, Poh Seng Tai Tay provides people with spiritual comfort, helping patients face their illnesses bravely and even becoming a protector for doctors. The next time you visit Zuoying, make sure to stop by the Old Ancestral Temple and feel the power of this enduring faith!

Worshippers pray to Poh Seng Tai Tay to express their wishes, and there are many different ways to do so!

The incense sticks is the most common way of prayer, because the rising smoke symbolizes sending wishes up to the heavens! People hold incense sticks and worship sincerely, expressing their wishes to Poh Seng Tai Tay and seeking the deity's protection and guidance. In temples, you often see worshippers burning incense and then placing the sticks into the incense burner, signifying that their wishes have successfully been conveyed to the deity. Each stick of incense represents the worshippers' heartfelt sincerity and prayers!

The moon blocks, or "Jiao Bei," are an important tool in folk religion and Taoism for seeking guidance from the gods. Many people are likely familiar with this ritual! The Jiao Bei have two sides: the flat side is called the "yang side" (front), while the rounded side is referred to as the "yin side" (back). By interpreting the combination of how the blocks land, one can decipher the instructions or messages from the gods!

Divine answer: One upright and one reversed, representing the divine's agreement, approval, or acknowledgment of the requested matter. In simple terms, it means "Okay, this is fine!"

No answer: Both are reversed, indicating that the divine does not approve or grant permission, perhaps the timing is not right yet.

Laughing answer: Both are upright, and this is interesting! It means the divine smiles but does not answer. Perhaps your question wasn't clear enough, or the matter is already predestined, so there's no need to ask further.

Jiao Bei are a special way of communicating with the divine. Each time you cast the Jiao Bei, it is a way of expressing sincerity to the gods.

The drawing divination sticks is a very common method in folk beliefs for seeking guidance from deities about one’s fortune or future direction. When a devotee draws a divination stick, the stick will have a number written on it. With this number, you can find the corresponding divination poem in the poem cabinet. These divination poems are usually written in the form of seven-character quatrains. They may reference historical figures, folk legends, or classical poetry to convey the deity’s message, such as indications of good or bad fortune, warnings, or future considerations.

However, don’t rush to interpret the divination poem as soon as you draw it! It’s customary to pair this with the use of "Jiao Bei" to confirm with the deity whether the drawn stick is correct, ensuring the guidance aligns with your question.

The drawing divination sticks is not only a traditional cultural practice but also an important bridge for communicating with the divine!

The medicine divination sticks are prescriptions believed to diagnose illnesses and provide treatments through the power of deities. The process is quite unique and sacred! Here’s how it works:

First Step: Light three incense sticks and sincerely report your symptoms to the Poh Seng Tai Tay. Make sure to describe them clearly!

Second Step: Gently place the three incense sticks on your wrist, symbolizing the deity “taking your pulse.” Isn’t that profound?

Third Step: Once the ashes from each incense stick fall once, go to the divination stick container for the corresponding medical department and draw a stick.

Fourth Step: After drawing the stick, place the divination poem on the table and use “Jiao Bei” (筊杯) to confirm the guidance. If you receive a sacred sign (聖筊), you can proceed to the cabinet to collect your medicine stick!

Final Step: Follow the instructions on the medicine stick to prepare the corresponding traditional Chinese herbal medicine.

Isn’t it both fascinating and culturally meaningful? If you ever have the chance, be sure to experience it for yourself!

Stepping into the Ciji Temple, the wall filled with Guangming Lanterns is truly captivating! These are no ordinary lamps—they are special lanterns in Taoism used for blessings, brimming with good wishes and prayers. Each tier of the lantern structure contains numerous small compartments, housing red light bulbs. On the outside, there are transparent windows with the donor's name and birthdate written or attached, usually in red ink, symbolizing joy and positive energy.

The fee for lighting a Guangming Lantern not only represents the devotee’s heartfelt prayers but also serves as an important source of incense funds for the temple, supporting its operations and development.

Molly introduced the Ciji Temple.

The drawing divination sticks is a method used to seek guidance from deities about future fortunes and misfortunes.

Dragon and Tiger Pagodas

The Dragon and Tiger Pagodas, located on the banks of Lotus Pond in Zuoying District, Kaohsiung City, are one of the most iconic landmarks in the area. Not only do they offer stunning scenery, but they are also rich in historical stories.

In 1974, the Poh Seng Tai Tay of Zuoying's Ciji Temple descended to deliver a prophecy, warning of an impending disaster. To pray for safety, the devotees, following the deity's guidance, began constructing the Dragon and Tiger Pagodas.

Thanks to their collective efforts, the twin pagodas were successfully completed in 1976. According to Chen Ronglong, a standing supervisor of Ciji Temple, the following year, Typhoon Selem indeed struck the area, leading many to marvel at the deity’s accurate prophecy. Additionally, some believe the construction of the pagodas was meant to counteract the negative impact on local feng shui caused by the nearby Yongqing Pagoda.

The Dragon and Tiger Pagodas stand seven stories tall and are full of thoughtful design. Visitors must follow the custom of entering through the dragon’s mouth and exiting through the tiger’s mouth, symbolizing "entering the dragon's throat and exiting the tiger's mouth" to bring good fortune and avoid bad luck. Inside the pagodas, you can admire intricate ceramic murals that tell moral tales, crafted by renowned artisans with exceptional attention to detail. The pagodas, along with the Nine-Bend Bridge, are reflected beautifully on the surface of Lotus Pond, creating a picturesque scene.

Climbing to the top of the pagodas offers a breathtaking panoramic view of the enchanting Lotus Pond landscape.

When visiting Lotus Pond, the Dragon and Tiger Pagodas are an unmissable highlight! They not only immerse you in a rich cultural atmosphere but also provide the opportunity to admire Kaohsiung’s stunning natural beauty.

At the entrance of the Dragon and Tiger Pagodas stands a mystical creature with the body of a turtle and the head of a dragon, known as the Dragon Turtle or "Bixi". This famous feng shui artifact, carved from green stone, exudes an aura of grandeur and majesty as it faces directly toward the entrance of the pagodas.

The Dragon Turtle is one of the nine sons of the dragon in Chinese mythology. Renowned for its strength and ability to bear heavy loads, it is often used as the base of stone steles, symbolizing stability and longevity. In feng shui, the Dragon Turtle is believed to ward off negative energy and attract wealth. Its back is adorned with round coins and ingots, which visually represent its role in drawing prosperity. Placing the Dragon Turtle in front of the Dragon and Tiger Pagodas also carries the auspicious pun of "Róng Guī", meaning "glorious return."

Legend has it that the Dragon Turtle can dissolve harmful energies, such as those associated with Tai Sui (the Grand Duke Jupiter) or other annual conflicts, while also enhancing social connections, attracting benefactors, and bringing good fortune and wealth.

In folklore, touching the dragon’s head or the turtle’s shell is said to bring blessings and good luck. Next time you visit the Dragon and Tiger Pagodas, don’t forget to approach this mystical guardian, feel its protective energy, and make a wish for luck and peace in your life!

Chi Ming Palace

Chi Ming Palace, also known as the Martial Temple, is a shrine that embodies the spirit of the unity of Confucianism, Taoism, and Buddhism. This temple honors the sages of the three teachings, with its main deities being Wen Sheng Confucius and Wu Sheng Guan Gong, accompanied by Yue Fei and Zheng Chenggong. This unique combination carries profound cultural significance, doesn’t it?

Founded in 1899 (the 25th year of the Guangxu Emperor’s reign), Chi Ming Palace is located on the southwestern side of Lotus Pond. Its exterior adopts the architectural style of an Eastern palace, majestic and grand, with every detail steeped in historical charm. During the birthdays of its deities, the hall becomes the lively focal point of celebrations, with devotees performing rituals, welcoming the gods, and offering solemn worship. These ceremonies are not only important religious events but also showcase the rich heritage of local folk traditions.

When visiting Lotus Pond, don’t forget to stop by Chi Ming Palace. You’ll not only experience its solemn atmosphere but also gain a deeper appreciation for the region’s unique cultural and traditional heritage.

Upon reaching the second floor, don't miss out on its unique space! The second floor houses the "Chinese Cultural Relics and Folk Museum," where you can instantly travel through time and experience the charm of traditional culture. In addition, there is a community reading center, providing a comfortable study environment for local students. It also offers a variety of books and magazines, filling the space with a strong cultural atmosphere.

If you want to relax for a moment, the courtyard's fish pond outside is a perfect spot. Watching the fish swim gracefully in the water offers a calming experience, making you feel both mentally and physically rejuvenated!

The fourth floor is a particularly significant place! This is the Lingxiao Hall, dedicated to the Jade Emperor and several other deities, exuding a solemn and sacred atmosphere. Upon entering, you can immediately feel the divine presence and the power of the gods' protection.

The image displays the treasure on its back. According to legend, touching these treasures can bring good fortune and wealth.

Located beside Lotus Pond in Zuoying, Chi Ming Palace.

Spring and Autumn Pavillions

The Spring and Autumn Pavilions by Lotus Pond are truly a classic spot! Built back in 1953, they are now over 60 years old. The site features two pavilions, one named "Spring Pavilion" and the other "Autumn Pavilion," as a tribute to Confucius' Spring and Autumn Annals. These pavilions have a unique architectural design, with four-story octagonal shapes, green-tiled roofs, and yellow walls. Their reflection on the water, along with the connecting zigzag bridge, creates a charming, nostalgic scene.

The pavilions were built to honor Guan Yu, and some also call them the "Imperial Pavilions of Spring and Autumn." Inside, there’s a dragon-shaped tunnel, where visitors can enter through the dragon's mouth. The walls are adorned with vibrant, detailed paintings depicting various religious stories, offering plenty to admire as you walk through.

In addition, in front of the Spring and Autumn Pavilions stands a statue of Guanyin riding a dragon. According to legend, this statue was modeled after an appearance of the Bodhisattva riding a dragon. It’s said that Guanyin specifically instructed devotees to build it here. Now, the statue stands between the two pavilions, adding an air of mystique and storytelling to the site.

Yuan Di Temple

The Yuan Di Temple in Zuoying has been a major center of faith in the area since its early days. It all began in 1666, during the 20th year of the Yongli reign in the Ming Zheng period, when a simple straw hut was built to honor the guardian deity, Mazu, also known as Linshui Furen. It’s said that she was the first deity to arrive in Zuoying. Later, the Earth God and Zhu Fu Qiansui joined the “team.” Since Zhu Fu Qiansui held a higher status, he eventually became the temple’s primary deity. By 1714, construction on a more formal temple began, and three years later, it was completed, finally giving the community a proper place of worship.

Then came the legend! During the Qianlong and Jiaqing reigns, a fisherman in Wandan Port accidentally caught a statue of Xuantian Shangdi while fishing. From that point on, his fishing ventures were smooth and successful, with bountiful catches becoming the norm. Word of this spread quickly, and Xuantian Shangdi’s reputation grew. The locals decided to enshrine Him as the temple’s primary deity, renaming the temple “Beiji Dadi Temple.”

Over the years, Yuan Di Temple underwent several renovations. The most significant reconstruction took place in 1972, as the community’s improved living conditions allowed them to rebuild the temple into its current form. Today, the temple is more than just a place of worship; it’s a treasure trove of stories. Every corner seems to quietly tell tales of life in Zuoying’s past, brimming with a rich sense of history.

The image shows the Imperial Pavilions of Spring and Autumn.

The Statue of Xuantian Shangdi of the North Pole.

Exploration of the Fenggu Temple in Zuoying District and the Historical Settlements of Yijia to Sanjia

Debbie — Thu, 19 Dec 2024 07:19:46 +0000

by Du Yan-Jhih, project student

Located in Zuoying District, Kaohsiung City, Fenggu Temple is a vital religious center for local residents! The temple primarily worships Shennong and Mazu, while also enshrining a diverse array of deities, including the First Jia Marshal, the God of Fortune, Huaguang Heavenly King, and Xiqin Wangye. Additionally, it pays tribute to Grasshopper Gong, Grasshopper Po, Tai Sui Xingjun, and the Five Wenchang Emperors. Such diversity truly stands out!

Moreover, Fenggu Temple is one of the thirteen temples under the Fengyi Old City Chenghuang Temple, boasting a vibrant incense tradition and serving as a core landmark of faith and culture in Zuoying.

The main deity of Fenggu Temple, Shennong, also known as Shennong the Great, is surrounded by legendary tales! According to folklore, Shennong the Great tasted countless herbs himself to identify those that were edible or medicinal. If he accidentally consumed a poisonous plant, his face would turn black; if the herb had healing properties, his face would turn red.

Interestingly, the temple's sculptors often incorporate these stories into the design of Shennong the Great’s statues, creating various vivid depictions of him. These lifelike designs not only bring the stories to life but also add a rich layer of cultural and historical meaning to Fenggu Temple!

The architectural features of this temple are truly unique and awe-inspiring. Here are three key highlights to pay attention to:

1. Dragon and Phoenix Sculptures

These sculptures are a perfect blend of beauty and symbolism! The dragon represents divine power over the heavens and seas, capable of summoning rain and controlling clouds. It is regarded in folklore as a symbol of auspiciousness and nobility, even revered by ancient people as an emblem of emperors.

The phoenix, on the other hand, is considered the king of birds, symbolizing happiness, prosperity, and national peace, embodying the grace and dignity of an empress. Beyond their symbolic meaning, the dragon and phoenix sculptures also serve a practical purpose—they help prevent fire damage, making them an essential element of the temple's fire safety measures!

2.Cochin ware:

Cochin ware is an indispensable decorative element in Taiwanese temple architecture. Originating from Tang Dynasty tri-colored ceramics, it is a type of low-fired glazed soft pottery characterized by its vibrant colors and intricate designs.

You’ll often spot it adorning the upper sections of temples, such as walls, ridges, roof beams, decorative bands, gable finials, bird mounts, eave-end decorations, and even screen walls. This exquisite craft not only enhances the artistic appeal of the architecture but also showcases the meticulous craftsmanship and ingenuity of traditional artisans.

3.Caisson

The caisson not only adds a sense of grandeur and magnificence to the interior space but also serves practical purposes! It helps to partition overly high spaces, maintains a comfortable indoor temperature, and prevents dust from falling, making it an all-around functional design.

In earlier times, caisson designs were primarily square-shaped. By the Liao, Song, and Jin dynasties, more intricate designs, such as the Douba Caisson, emerged, showcasing a higher level of craftsmanship and detail.

In traditional folk beliefs, building a structure is considered a significant event! It is said that construction can disturb the Five Directional Dragon Gods, requiring the invitation of a Daoist master to perform the "Dragon Calming" ritual. This ceremony appeases the Dragon Gods and ensures prosperity, familial harmony, and safe passage.

When you visit Fenggu Temple, you’ll notice the "Five-Color Talismans" on the walls. These are not mere decorations but protective charms combining scissors, rulers, and mirrors. The scissors symbolize the concept of "family" due to their homophonic connection to the Taiwanese word for "home" (ka-to). The mirror, sounding like "boundary" (jing), represents the idea of delineation and reflection. Scissors cut away bad luck, mirrors expose and repel evil spirits, and bamboo rulers symbolize the importance of propriety and moderation. Together, these elements convey blessings of balance, harmony, and peace in the home.

The five colors of the talismans—green (east), red (south), white (west), black (north), and yellow (center)—represent the Five Directions and serve to stabilize the spiritual environment. Notably, the upward-facing scissors signify breaking through obstacles in life, adding another layer of auspicious meaning.

The lecturer Wu Yonglian introduced the history and significance of Fenggu Temple.

The dragon and phoenix sculptures inside Zuoying Fenggu Temple.

Yijia Alley

Did you know? In the past, settlements in Zuoying were divided into units called "Jia." Each Jia consisted of 10 households and had its own guardian deity for protection. These Jia were arranged sequentially from north to south, forming a unique community layout with a total of seven Jia.

Although the names of these settlements have changed over time, historical street names such as Yijia Alley, Erjia Alley, and Sanjia Alley still remain along Zuoying’s lower road, preserving the rich historical atmosphere that can be felt everywhere.

Steamed peanuts

In Yijia Alley, there is a traditional home that has preserved an ancient craft and specializes in making steamed peanuts! Using old-fashioned steaming techniques, they ensure the peanuts retain a rich aroma and soft texture, making them a quintessential example of Taiwan’s nostalgic snacks.

This simple yet delicious treat is so irresistible that you can’t help but keep eating! Doesn’t it make you want to try it yourself?

White gourd sugar

Hidden in the alleys of Yijia is a humble yet story-filled old shop—Ji Tai Hang! Although the shop offers a limited selection, it has preserved the tradition of hand-crafting its products. For decades, its nostalgic flavors have continued to captivate Zuoying.

The shop’s specialties are rock sugar and white gourd sugar, sold by weight. Their white gourd sugar is particularly notable, boasting a rich caramel flavor with visible pieces of white gourd during the cooking process, eventually becoming the familiar ingredient for white gourd tea. During the Lunar New Year, the shop also offers traditional white gourd strips, evoking fond childhood memories.

Be sure to visit this warm and charming shop to experience a taste of the past!

Fried peanuts

Back in the 1960s, Zuoying was renowned as one of Taiwan’s prominent agricultural areas, primarily cultivating water caltrops. It also became a major hub for peanut distribution! At that time, shops near Zuoying Old City would purchase peanuts from areas like Kaohsiung and Pingtung, then process them, leading to a thriving peanut industry.

As time passed and urbanization replaced farmlands, the number of peanut processing businesses gradually declined. Today, only a few remain, and “Yongfeng peanut brittle” stands as one of the enduring witnesses to this history. Founded by the grandfather of Brother Yu in the Yu family’s ancestral house, the business is now in its third generation.

Brother Yu personally oversees every step of the process, from raw peanuts to finished peanut candy, with each batch reflecting his confidence and dedication to quality. His meticulous craftsmanship invites you to savor this unique taste of tradition and experience the authentic flavors of Zuoying.

The traditional white gourd sugar shop "Ji Tai Hang."

Steamed peanuts in the alleys of Yijia.

Yu Family Ancestral House(Shanhai zhen)

Located in the old Yijia settlement of Zuoying, the Yu Family Ancestral House is a precious historical structure from the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty. This official residence retains its main hall and is notably the birthplace of former county magistrate Yu Teng-fa.

Stepping into the courtyard, you’ll find the well-preserved Dragon and Tiger Twin Wells and a Qing Dynasty alley well. The entire setting exudes a rustic and profound historical charm. One of the most striking features is the " Shanhai zhen " plaque at the entrance. This plaque serves as a symbol of protection, warding off negative energies and enhancing the household's fortune.

The inscription on the plaque reads: "My home is like the mountains and seas; no harm can come to me," symbolizing the home’s natural resilience against harmful influences. This ancestral house, steeped in stories and history, is a must-visit to fully appreciate its unique historical atmosphere and cultural significance.

Pickles

Speaking of pickled delicacies, they represent an ancient craft filled with wisdom! These pickled foods are primarily made from vegetables, offering a rich combination of sour, salty, and spicy flavors. Not only do they satisfy the palate, but they also served as an excellent method in the past to preserve abundant produce and extend its shelf life.

While modern preservation methods and containers are now widely available, traditional fermentation jars were the go-to tools for pickling food in earlier times.

Zeng family ancestral temple (Hutian Temple) Sanxing of spirit screen

The Zeng family ancestors settled in Zuoying during the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty. The clan chose to reside on the elevated land of the lower road, where they dug a well for water. As the family grew, their homes expanded uphill toward Zuoying Main Road and downhill to the edge of Lotus Pond, making the northern part of Erjia Alley almost entirely Zeng family land.

The ancient well in front of the Zeng family ancestral house was the original water source for the clan. Even those living at higher elevations would come here to draw water and carry it back home. The lower part of the well is made of coral stone, forming a round wall, while the upper part is a short, circular wall made of bricks. The spring water is clear and sweet, earning it the title of "the wellspring of life" in the area.

Interestingly, a legend about the well has been passed down through generations. It is said that a white horse resides in the well, cultivating itself spiritually. At midnight, the horse quietly emerges to forage for food and returns to the well before dawn. While many of the Zeng family members have since moved elsewhere, this tale of the white horse continues to be told on Zeng family land, adding a touch of mystery to the ancestral site.

Uphill from the Jishan family ancestral house is the Zeng family ancestral temple, known as Hutian Temple. Originally a traditional grand residence, the exact details of its original door plaque are now lost to history. However, after the war, it was renovated into an ancestral temple. In addition to housing the memorial tablets of their ancestors, the temple also venerates Guanyin and Mazu, reflecting the family’s deep reverence for their faith.

In the courtyard, the "Sanxing of spirit screen" stands prominently at the front. This spirit screen is more than just decoration—it symbolizes long life, prosperous descendants, and abundant wealth. It is a meaningful representation of blessings for the family’s continued success and harmony.

The image displays the "Shanhai zhen" plaque, which is used to ward off negative energies and enhance the household's fortune.

The right image displays the Sanxing of spirit screen.

Wu Family Ancestral House (Wind Lion God, Earthen bricks wall)

Located in Yijia Alley near the Wu Family Ancestral House, if you look up, you'll spot a Wind Lion God standing proudly on the roof! This guardian deity in traditional culture combines the imagery of a warrior and a lion. Its majestic design not only conveys strength but also serves to ward off evil, stabilize feng shui, and protect the home.

Particularly in coastal regions, where houses are often battered by strong sea winds, the Wind Lion God proves invaluable. It not only "tames the wind" but also symbolizes the power to resist natural disasters, safeguarding the household.

The houses here are truly unique! The walls are constructed using a straw method, where mud mixed with straw is dried and layered. This technique reflects the simplicity and ingenuity of early residents' building practices.

The roofs are covered with traditional tiles, which are not only functional but also add a nostalgic charm. Adding to the intrigue, there is the spirit screen situated opposite the house. This is no ordinary decoration—it is a "feng shui talisman" designed to block negative energies and ensure peace and safety for the inhabitants.

Guanyin Temple

Located in Erjia Alley, the Guanyin Temple is a prominent highlight of cultural faith! As early as the late Han Dynasty, the Han people began worshiping Guanyin. Interestingly, before the Song Dynasty, depictions of Guanyin Bodhisattva were predominantly male.

With the spread and evolution of the belief, Guanyin gradually transformed into a compassionate female figure, embodying maternal love and the vow to save all beings. You might have heard the story of Princess Miaoshan, a classic representation of Guanyin's feminized image.

Another explanation suggests that Guanyin adopted a female form to better connect with women in distress. By doing so, she avoided the constraints of traditional gender interactions, enabling her to provide solace and aid more effectively.

This compassionate and wise transformation not only highlights the comfort that faith brings to the human heart but also underscores the significant role of Guanyin Temple in cultural preservation and spiritual heritage.

Su Family Martial Hall (Spirit screen, Jia-Dung Inlaid Shi-Liou)

The Su family is one of the prominent clans in the Erjia area of Zuoying! Their ancestral roots trace back to Putian, Fujian Province, China. They migrated to Taiwan during the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty and settled in the Erjia area of Zuoying, becoming a significant family in the region.

One of their notable structures is the Su Family Martial Hall, which features distinctive architectural design. It is situated between two taller buildings, a feng shui challenge referred to as “the Heaven's Slash”. If not properly addressed, it is believed this could negatively impact the family's fortune and health. To counter this, the spirit screen was installed outside the hall. This spirit screen not only blocks prying eyes but also reflects light to brighten the interior. Additionally, it helps balance feng shui and prevents external disturbances, making it highly functional.

Inside the hall lies a hidden gem of traditional craftsmanship—the " Jia-Dung Inlaid Shi-Liou Table". Also known as “Marquetry”, this technique combines the Jia-Dung and Shi-Liou. The differing hardness and colors of these woods are skillfully carved and inlaid to create breathtaking works of art.

Whether it’s the architectural design or intricate craftsmanship, the Su Family Martial Hall showcases the unique charm of traditional culture!

That concludes this fascinating introduction to the cultural and historical walking tour. From historic architecture to culinary delights, every aspect leaves a lasting impression. Plan your visit soon and experience the rich stories of this land for yourself!

The image displays the Wu family spirit screen.

The image shows the Su Family Martial Hall.

Bilingual Learning Companion Welcome Gathering

Debbie — Sat, 23 Nov 2024 05:04:48 +0000

by Lin Qi-Wen & Xu Ting-Wei, Project student

On November 23, 2024, Wenzao Ursuline University of Languages' University Social Responsibility Practice Program, “OUR TOWN Community Sustainable Cross-Domain Collaborative Platform Project”, held the “Bilingual Buddy Gathering” event. This event was in collaboration with another USR program.

The event aimed to guide elementary school students (from Anping Elementary School, Xianbei Elementary School, and Wuquan Elementary School) to explore the history and culture of Zuoying Old City. This half-day activity included a cultural and historical walking tour, an old city challenge, and a team presentation session. Through various activities, students were immersed in the rich cultural heritage of Fengshan Old City and experienced the historical charm of the Zuoying area.

On the event day, Mr. Chen Zhenrong, Manager of the Kaohsiung Old City Cultural Association, and Mr. Gong Shuyong, a teacher from the Foreign Language Guided Tours Community, served as lecturers, leading participants on the walking tour. They vividly explained the legends of Guishan Feng Shui, the gates and walls of the old city, and the historical and cultural significance of landmarks such as the Dragon and Tiger Pagodas and the Chengyi Ciji Temple. Along the way, some English words and phrases were integrated into the explanations to enhance students' bilingual practical application skills. The elementary school students absorbed knowledge through storytelling and learned English vocabulary and phrases related to the sites, reinforcing their impressions.

After the walking tour, the students were divided into three groups to participate in a challenge activity. Guided by university students serving as station masters, the children applied the knowledge and English they had learned throughout the day to collaboratively complete the challenges, adding a layer of fun to the event. During the final presentation session, students reinforced what they had learned and showcased their achievements.

The event concluded successfully under the guidance of Ms. Lu Meifei, Mr. Lin Yicheng, and Mr. Luis. It not only provided elementary school students with a deeper understanding of the history and culture of Zuoying Old City but also sparked their interest and motivation in learning English. By combining education with entertainment, the event allowed children to learn and grow through hands-on experiences.

The OUR TOWN project team plans to continue organizing similar events to connect school and community resources, integrating cultural heritage with educational innovation. The goal is to cultivate students as multilingual and cross-cultural talents while deepening local cultural roots. This bilingual buddy gathering was a cultural and linguistic exchange and a successful demonstration of social responsibility in action.

Group photo of university students, elementary school students, and staff.

Elementary school students answering quiz questions at activity stations.

Luis explaining the historical story of the city gate.

Students attentively listening to the guided tour.

Unconventional Combinations: Where Zuoying Shinyo Memories Meets the Dessert Literature

Debbie — Wed, 30 Oct 2024 01:34:53 +0000

by Project Student, Rita

Wenzao Ursuline University of Languages' University Social Responsibility Practice Program, "OUR TOWN Community Sustainable Cross-Domain Collaborative Platform Project”has initiated various collaborative communities this semester.The "Cultural Experience Design Community" has planned two themed activities for this session. Join us for this event on "Shinyō Wagashi" exploring the story of the Shinyō Special Attack Unit, an integral part of old Zuoying with a mysterious and sorrowful history. Beyond listening to historical narratives, participants will engage in a hands-on experience of making Japanese wagashi, enhancing their understanding of this historical period and deepening their familiarity with Zuoying's culture and development.

For this event, we are honored to invite teacher Jiang Zhouhang to Wenzao. Mr. Jiang is not only a pastry chef but also a long-time local food education promoter and literary pastry writer. He weaves together pastries and literature, transforming them into more charming and unique literary works. He hopes to combine his expertise with local characteristics, allowing participants to not only recognize the natural ingredients nurtured by the land but also deeply feel the cultural cultivation of the land and people. Mr. Jiang shared many of his personal experiences with us, such as using the "Five Elements" in his hometown of Liougue, through pottery, woodworking, dyeing, cooking, and other means, to make full use of local elements, allowing children and adults to learn while doing and recognize the beauty of this land. For this event, Mr.Jiang also collaborated with Kaohsiung Cultural Association to come up with the highlight of the event - "Shinyō Wagashi ," using red bean paste and longan as fillings to create a pastry with a strong Japanese dessert flavor, allowing participants to feel novelty and surprise during the experience.

While waiting for the pastries to bake, Mr. Chen, the manager of Kaohsiung Cultural Association, shared the story of the Shinyo Special Attack Unit. "Shinyo" originated in Japan during World War II, when a suicide attack unit was developed to resist the U.S. military. The connection between the Shinyo Special Attack Unit, Taiwan, and Zuoying is a base found near the ruins of Zuoying West Gate. After investigation and verification by historians, it was discovered that during the Japanese colonial period in Taiwan, a unit called the Shinyo Special Attack Unit was stationed in Zuoying West Gate for a period of time. However, after the war ended, the unit withdrew back to Japan. This news surprised the local residents of Zuoying, who exclaimed, "So there was such a history!" The aforementioned base was built by the unit members as a shrine to comfort their hearts, long for home, and pray in the midst of fear. After listening to the entire story, the participants felt a sense of heaviness, but at the same time, they gained a deeper understanding of Zuoying.

The second session, "Design and Ideation," invited participants to extend their creativity based on the first session's content. Both groups enthusiastically shared their creative concepts and sources of inspiration.The first group titled their project "Zuoying: Past and Present, Reflections of Shinyō ," using a layering technique to juxtapose images of Zuoying a century ago with its present-day appearance on a folder. This visual comparison clearly contrasts the past and the present. Additionally, the first group created several illustrated cards related to the Shinyo Special Attack Unit's story, which can be further developed into stamps or stickers.The second group, inspired by the story of the Attack Unit stationed in Taiwan, designed handwritten thank-you cards. The goal was to encourage participants to empathize with the feelings of the members in the army or their families at that time, understanding the indescribable sorrow and longing. Through role-playing, participants conveyed their emotions through these cards, allowing them to deeply experience this historical period and grasp the meaning of "expressing love in time."

The first session, which included an experience and a listening session about the history and culture, and the second session, where group members brainstormed ideas, both helped participants gain a deeper understanding of the old Zuoying culture. Through such activities, we hope that more people will be willing to learn about their hometown and invest their efforts in promoting it. The 113 cultural experience design activities have now come to an end. Wenzao Ursuline University of Languages’ Social Responsibility Project team will continue to organize activities in the future, and we look forward to meeting you all with more diverse, innovative, and locally-themed events!

Teacher Jiang Zhouhang introduces food farming education-the five elements.

Chen Zhenrong, Manager of Kaohsiung Cultural Association, explains the story of the Shinyo Special Attack Unit.

Participants are diligently making Japanese " Shinyō Wagashi."

Participants of the second session designed a folder with superimposed images of Zuoying, both past and present.

Witnesses to Time: The Weathered Years of Zuoying's Old Town Gates

Debbie — Wed, 09 Oct 2024 00:51:25 +0000

by Project Student, Rita

Wenzao Ursuline University of Languages' University Social Responsibility Practice Program, "OUR TOWN Community Sustainable Cross-Domain Collaborative Platform Project”has initiated various collaborative communities this semester.The "Cultural Experience Design Community" has planned two themed activities for this session. With the theme "Stories of the Old Town Gate," this event provides participants with a hands-on experience to explore the historical tales of the Old Town gates. Through collaborative brainstorming, participants will generate creative handmade projects inspired by the "Old Town gate" concept. This event not only imparts historical knowledge but also fosters creativity and engagement.

In our first session, we collaborated with Kaohsiung Cultural Association and invited Manager Chen Zhenrong to deliver a presentation at Wenzao. To kick off the event, Manager Chen made a humorous entrance as a "Qing Dynasty officials," instantly capturing the audience's attention. Through his engaging lecture, participants were transported back in time to the old city a century ago, gaining a deeper understanding of its culture and historical context. Manager Chen provided a detailed introduction to the four main gates of Zuoying: the North Gate, South Gate, West Gate, and East Gate. While the West Gate no longer exists today, remnants of its structure remain for research and visitation. Additionally, Manager Chen explained the historical context of the Town’s construction. For example, due to the Zhu Yigui Rebellion in 1722, residents of old Zuoying built the first earthen wall to defend against invaders and protect their homeland. However, as the earthen wall was repeatedly breached and became unusable, the government and local residents raised funds to rebuild the wall with stone, resulting in the structure we see today.

Having been enthralled by the stories of the Old Town gates, participants engaged in a hands-on craft activity. They created miniature replicas of the North Gate by assembling different components. The finished product, a pen holder adorned with the inscription "Gongchenmen,"(means Stars around the North Star) served as a tangible representation of the original gate. This activity provided participants with a unique opportunity to appreciate the historical and practical significance of the North Gate while having fun. By engaging in this hands-on experience, participants deepened their understanding of Zuoying's local culture and the stories associated with the Old Town gates.

The second session focused on "Design and Ideation," where participants expanded on the Old Town gate concepts from the previous activity. Working in groups, they presented their projects: "Old Town gate picture frames" and "Lintel Stones". The picture frames were created using wooden boards cut into the shape of the Old Town gates, and participants added their own unique embellishments. They also shared their inspirations and personal connections to the North Gate, infusing their designs with personal stories. The "Lintel Stones" displayed various inscriptions found on the Old Town gates, such as "Fengyi Gate."(the East gate) Inspired by a group member's experience with lintel stone rubbings, the group provided insights into the four gates, deepening participants' knowledge.

Through thematic activities, hands-on experiences, and group design projects, this program aims to spark participants' interest in the history of Zuoying old town gates. By encouraging active engagement and creativity, we hope to foster a deeper appreciation for local history and culture. Ultimately, we strive to revitalize the development of old Zuoying through these efforts. In this semester's "Cultural Experience Design" event, we will continue to collaborate with local community organizations and professional historians to develop a diverse range of engaging activities.

Manager Chen Zhenrong explains the story of the old Zuoying Gate.

Participants engaged in a creative experience by making a city gate pen holder.

During the second session, participants showcased the lintel stone rubbings.

The entire community of members and project team members taking a group photo.

How Much Do You Know About Taiwan’s Folk Beliefs?

Debbie — Sat, 21 Sep 2024 09:02:12 +0000

by Yang Ai Ling, project student

On August 17, the “Cultural and Historical Innovation Community” of Wenzao Ursuline University's University Social Responsibility (USR) Program, OUR TOWN, invited renowned local historian and scholar, Mr. Wu Yong-Lian, to deliver a captivating lecture titled “How Much Do You Know About Deities? An Introduction to Taiwan’s Folk Beliefs” at the Gong Jian Hall of Wenzao Ursuline University. To deepen participants' understanding of traditional temple culture, the community also organized an immersive heritage tour on September 21, guiding participants through key historical sites in Zuoying Old City, including Ciji Temple, Qiming Hall, and the Chenghuang Temple. With his engaging and dynamic storytelling, Mr. Wu skillfully conveyed complex concepts in an accessible manner across both events

The August lecture focused on Taiwan's folk beliefs, delving into the hierarchical structure and roles of deities. Mr. Wu began by distinguishing between deities and immortals: while shen represent higher divine authority and are often associated with celestial, imperial, or natural worship, xian emphasize individual cultivation and spiritual attainment. The key difference lies in the formal positions and duties assigned to deities. Mr. Wu also elaborated on the origins of deities in folk beliefs, stemming from sources such as nature worship, imperial systems, ancient sages, fictional stories, and ancestral spirits. By categorizing the different divine personas, he showcased the cultural richness and diversity embedded in Taiwan's belief systems, offering participants fresh perspectives and valuable insights.

To provide participants with a tangible understanding of the lecture’s concepts, the community arranged a heritage tour in September. Led by Mr. Wu, the group visited Zuoying’s Ciji Temple, Qiming Hall, and Chenghuang Temple, exploring how temple architecture reflects the hierarchical distinctions among deities. For instance, temples dedicated to high-ranking deities often feature red circular pillars and elaborate designs, while those for subordinate deities tend to use simpler, gray elements. Temple gates and altar heights also symbolize divine rank: grand gates adorned with gold edges and elevated altars signify higher authority, whereas modest gates and lower altars are typical for lower-ranking deities.

Through the combination of lectures and heritage tours, the "Cultural and Historical Innovation Community" invites local scholars to guide participants in unraveling the profound connections between Taiwan's folk beliefs and temple architecture. These events not only enrich participants’ understanding of local culture but also inspire new ways of interpreting traditional structures and spiritual practices. Looking ahead, the "Cultural and Historical Innovation Community" plans to continue collaborating with local historians, blending expert insights with hands-on experiences. The initiative aims to attract more participants interested in cultural preservation and community development, fostering deeper appreciation and engagement with Taiwan's rich heritage.

Lecturer enthusiastically explains the relationships among deities to participants.

Participants attentively listen to the lecture and take notes on the provided handouts.

Participants carefully listen as Lecturer Wu shares insights about the symbolic meanings of Qiming Hall’s architectural decorations.

Group photo of all participants.

Exploring: The Hidden Journey of Military Dependents' Villages

Rose — Sat, 31 Aug 2024 05:35:34 +0000

by Project Student, Joy & Rose

The military dependents' village tour was led by Professor Gong Shuyong from the Foreign Language Tour Guide Community. He explained the historical background and unique culture of Kaohsiung's 886 Military Dependents Village to community members. Additionally, community members guided participants on a tour of the "Farewell 886, Cultural Park of Taiwan Military Veteran Village," using lively and engaging explanations to help participants better understand the history and anecdotes of the villages, adding a unique sense of fun to the entire walking tour.

The event focused on the origins of the military dependents' villages, with the exhibition featuring 12 different themes, such as "Prelude: Civil War," "Home away from home...," "Introducion: One more ethnic group in Taiwan," "Impact on modern Taiwan," "What's a MDV," "What’s 886," and "Anecdotes," among others. Professor Luis also highlighted the uniqueness of Taiwan's military dependents' villages, noting that the scenes inside are reminiscent of the famous 1985 film *The Spring Outside the Fence*.

After the Chinese Civil War, a large influx of new immigrants arrived in Taiwan along with the government, prompting reactions from the indigenous population. Whether for better or worse, both sides had to find ways to coexist. To ease the conflicts between locals and newcomers, people from the same regions who spoke the same language were often placed in the same areas, gradually forming what we now know as "military dependents' villages." This process fostered the development of Taiwan's cultural diversity, turning the island into a melting pot of various cultures and nurturing unique ideologies and values.

Before entering Shoushan, the guides specifically reminded the audience how to avoid contact with the local wildlife, particularly the monkeys, to prevent accidental injuries. Along the way, everyone passed by the habitat of the Taiwan Barbet, known for its five colors: green, red, yellow, blue, and black. During the journey, the program host, Mr. Lin Yicheng, introduced the group to the dragon scale fern. This plant, native to Southeast Asia, has a uniquely textured stem that, when gently touched and moved, feels different depending on the direction of the touch. Although its stem is not prickly, it feels both smooth and rough in different directions. The audience was also invited to touch the dragon scale fern on-site to experience its unique texture firsthand.

The culture of military dependents' villages has had a profound impact on our daily lives over four centuries of regime changes. Today, we can see foreign influences in many areas, such as dialects, music, fashion, cuisine, customs, and traditional rituals. This has allowed Taiwan's younger generation to better understand the past while being more capable of shaping the future. Through these cultural traces and heritage, they are able to maintain their cultural identity in the context of globalization and explore new possibilities. This is not only a reflection on the past but also a vision for the future.

Teacher Luis gave participants the intro of tour

Participants focused on tour

Tour guides told stories of MDV and explained the details of the map

Participants took note

Walking with Monkeys: Exploring the Ecology of Shoushan

Rose — Wed, 10 Jul 2024 08:25:17 +0000

by Project Student, Joy

Wenzao Ursuline University of Languages Social Responsibility Practice Program — The "OUR TOWN Community Sustainability Cross-Domain Co-Creation Platform Program" launched community-related activities this semester. To help participants learn more about Shoushan's natural environment and the Formosan macaque, Shoushan National Park will hold an event called "Walking with Monkeys" on July 10. This event aims to let participants explore Shoushan, get close to the macaques, and learn about conservation.

Established in 2009, Shoushan National Park is one of Taiwan's youngest national parks. The park has many natural features, including limestone formations, caves, waterfalls, and diverse plants and animals. Its geology is made up of elevated coral reefs at about 355 meters above sea level. These reefs used to be underwater but were lifted up by the movement of the earth's crust, forming the hills we see today. About 1.8 million years ago (early Pleistocene), southern Taiwan was still covered by the sea. Over time, mud settled on the seafloor, creating the Gutingkeng Formation, which is the largest and thickest layer from the Pleistocene in southern Taiwan.

Besides its natural beauty, Shoushan is an important home for Formosan macaques. The park has many hiking trails that attract hikers. Visitors should be careful with their food and valuables, as the macaques might take them. Shoushan also has historical sites like Japanese air-raid shelters and indigenous relics, adding cultural and historical value.

Shoushan National Park regularly holds environmental education activities to encourage public participation and raise awareness about protecting the environment. The park's goal is not only to protect the area's natural resources but also to help local communities develop through ecotourism, achieving both conservation and economic growth. Shoushan National Park is a key area for ecological protection and an ideal place for tourism, education, and research.

Exploring Shoushan: A Journey Through Nature and Ecology

Rose — Sat, 29 Jun 2024 07:54:26 +0000

by Project Student, Amanda

On June 29, the Community Responsibility Practice Office of Wenzao Ursuline University of Languages held the third session of its themed events. During this event, members of the Foreign Language Guided Tour Community led participants to explore local attractions, delving into famous spots such as the Shoushan Forest Plaza, Zhongxing Pavilion, Guanlin Pavilion, and Xiangsi Pavilion.

The walking tour took place at the Shoushan Forest Plaza. This route included 13 main attractions. The first stop was presented by Yu Xin, a member of the Guided Tour Community, who introduced the unique geographical environment and ecological resources of Shoushan National Park. Located between Cijin Mountain, Shoushan, Guishan, Zuoying Old City, and Banpingshan, Shoushan National Park is renowned for its unique coral reef terrain and marine climate, as well as its abundant tropical and subtropical plant resources. Through the explanation, participants could gain a deeper understanding of Shoushan.

Shoushan is a national park jointly established by local government and private organizations. During the event, volunteer guide Yu-Ru introduced participants to various tour themes, including geology, ecology, Leave No Trace principles, and the tea-serving culture. She also delved into the various issues currently faced by the wildlife in Shoushan. For example, the main issue faced by Formosan macaques is the conflict in human-monkey relations; muntjacs are facing challenges related to their population ecology; additionally, the threat posed by stray animals to wildlife is also an important topic. Through these discussions, Yu-Ru provided participants with a comprehensive understanding of Shoushan's natural environment and conservation issues, emphasizing the importance of protecting the ecological environment and preserving animal habitats.

This event not only enhanced the audience's understanding through on-site visits but also fostered international exchange on the diverse ecology of Shoushan National Park. During the event, the macaques of Shoushan became another major highlight, drawing the attention of numerous participants. In the future, the program will continue to organize more community exchange activities to further promote the local culture of the Zuoying community.

The community members introduced Shoushan National Nature Park to the audience.

Teacher Lin interacted with the audience while introducing the Malaysia Scandens.

Luis explained the nests of the Five Color Woodpecker to the audience.

The community members explained to the audience the differences between artificial and natural plant growth methods.

Group photo of community members with the audience