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	<item>
		<title>儀封仰聖</title>
		<link>https://ourtown.tw/culture/people/5535/</link>
					<comments>https://ourtown.tw/culture/people/5535/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Debbie]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 13 Jan 2025 02:28:57 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[人物故事]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[文化]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://ourtown.tw/?p=5535</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[儀封人請見。曰：「君子之至於斯也，吾未嘗不得見也。」
從者見之。
出曰：「二三子，何患於喪乎？天下之無道也久矣，
天將以夫子為木鐸。」]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<section class="ffb-id-715jtagt fg-section fg-text-dark"><div class="fg-container container fg-container-medium fg-container-lvl--1 "><div class="fg-row row    " ><div class="ffb-id-715jtagv fg-col col-xs-12 col-md-12 fg-text-dark"><h2 class="ffb-id-6po50k1h fg-heading text-left    title-sub-eng fg-text-dark">Reverence of the Border Official of Yi for the Sage</h2><div class="ffb-id-715jtaha fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-auther-style1 fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>文、攝影 / 歐修梅</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-79kkqd06 fg-row row     fg-text-dark"><div class="ffb-id-89hh23i4 fg-col col-xs-12 col-md-3 fg-text-dark"></div><div class="ffb-id-79kkqd0a fg-col col-xs-12 col-md-6 fg-text-dark"><img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" class="ffb-id-79kkqmp6 fg-image  img-responsive full-width fg-text-dark" width="1033" height="2048" src="https://ourtown.tw/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/潘麗水繪：孔子行跡圖7—儀封仰聖.jpg" alt="潘麗水繪：孔子行跡圖7—儀封仰聖"></div><div class="ffb-id-89hh2mc4 fg-col col-xs-12 col-md-3 fg-text-dark"></div></div><div class="ffb-id-715jtahb fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1 fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>故事出處：《論語．八佾》</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-77tj6see fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1-en fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>The story comes from &ldquo;Ba Yi&rdquo; of the Analects of Confucius</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-77tj7e1a fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1 fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>儀封人請見。曰：「君子之至於斯也，吾未嘗不得見也。」<br />從者見之。</p>
<p>出曰：「二三子，何患於喪乎？天下之無道也久矣，<br />天將以夫子為木鐸。」</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-77tj7ik1 fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1-en fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>The border official of Yi requested an audience, saying, &ldquo;Whenever a noble man comes to this place, I never miss the opportunity to see him.&rdquo;</p>
<p>The disciples sent him in.</p>
<p>Upon leaving, he remarked, &ldquo;Why do you, my companions, fear the loss of the rites? The world has long been without the Way. Heaven shall surely use the Master as its wooden clapper to awaken all.&rdquo;</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-715k8if9 fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1 fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>「儀」是衛國的一個城邑，「封人」則是指管理封疆的官員。這位不知姓名的儀邑官員來請求孔子接見他，他說：「一直以來，只要有賢人君子經過儀邑這裡，我沒有不去會見的。」</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-77tjaiof fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1-en fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>&ldquo;Yi&rdquo; was a city in the State of Wei, and the term &ldquo;fong-ren&rdquo; referred to an official in charge of border territories. This unnamed official from the city of Yi requested to meet Confucius. He said, &ldquo;Whenever a virtuous and noble person passes through Yi, I never fail to meet them.&rdquo;</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-715jtahc fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1 fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>孔子的學生於是領著儀封人去見孔子。</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-77tjcm54 fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1-en fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>So, Confucius&rsquo; students led the border official of Yi to meet him.</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-794h0f3f fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1 fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>儀封人出來後，對著孔子的學生說：「諸君啊！何必憂慮你們的老師沒有官位呢？天下失去正道已經很久了，天意必定是要將你們老師當作木鐸來運用，所以讓他周游列國，來向天下傳遞大道的啊！」</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-77tjdflo fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1-en fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>After the border official of Yi came out, he said to Confucius&rsquo; students, &ldquo;Gentlemen! Why do you worry that your teacher will not find a position in the government? The world has been without the Way for a long time. The heavens surely intend to use your teacher as a wooden clapper to spread the Great Way throughout the world, which is why he travels from state to state!&rdquo;</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-7533m9t9 fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1 fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>此畫正是描繪儀封人請見孔子的這段故事。畫中孔子接見儀封人，兩人互相拱手為禮，孔子在上，儀封人在下，點出了儀封人仰聖之意。</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-77tjdqgd fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1-en fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>This painting depicts the story of the border official of Yi requesting an audience with Confucius. In the painting, Confucius and the official bowed to each other, with Confucius positioned above and the border official of Yi below, symbolizing the official&rsquo;s reverence for the sage.</p>
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			</item>
		<item>
		<title>餽食欣受</title>
		<link>https://ourtown.tw/culture/people/5529/</link>
					<comments>https://ourtown.tw/culture/people/5529/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Debbie]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 13 Jan 2025 02:22:21 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[人物故事]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[文化]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://ourtown.tw/?p=5529</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[魯有儉嗇者，瓦鬲煮食，食之自謂其美。盛之土型，以進孔子，孔子受之，歡然而說，如受大牢之饋。
子路曰：「瓦甂、陋器也；煮食、薄膳也。夫子何喜之如此乎？」
夫子曰：「夫好諫者思其君，食美者念其親。吾非以饌具之為厚，以其食厚而我思焉！」]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<section class="ffb-id-715jtagt fg-section fg-text-dark"><div class="fg-container container fg-container-medium fg-container-lvl--1 "><div class="fg-row row    " ><div class="ffb-id-715jtagv fg-col col-xs-12 col-md-12 fg-text-dark"><h2 class="ffb-id-6po50k1h fg-heading text-left    title-sub-eng fg-text-dark"> The Joy of Receiving a Humble Food Gift </h2><div class="ffb-id-715jtaha fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-auther-style1 fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>文、攝影 / 歐修梅</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-89hh780c fg-row row     fg-text-dark"><div class="ffb-id-89hh780d fg-col col-xs-12 col-md-3 fg-text-dark"></div><div class="ffb-id-89hh780e fg-col col-xs-12 col-md-6 fg-text-dark"><img decoding="async" class="ffb-id-89hh780g fg-image  img-responsive full-width fg-text-dark" width="1103" height="2048" src="https://ourtown.tw/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/潘麗水繪：孔子行跡圖6—餽食欣受.jpg" alt="潘麗水繪：孔子行跡圖6—餽食欣受"></div><div class="ffb-id-89hh780h fg-col col-xs-12 col-md-3 fg-text-dark"></div></div><div class="ffb-id-715jtahb fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1 fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>故事出處：《孔子家語．致思》</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-77tj6see fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1-en fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>The story comes from Confucius&rsquo; Family Sayings: Reflections</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-77tj7e1a fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1 fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>魯有儉嗇者，瓦鬲煮食，食之自謂其美。盛之土型，以進孔子，孔子受之，歡然而說，如受大牢之饋。</p>
<p>子路曰：「瓦甂、陋器也；煮食、薄膳也。夫子何喜之如此乎？」<br />夫子曰：「夫好諫者思其君，食美者念其親。吾非以饌具之為厚，以其食厚而我思焉！」</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-77tj7ik1 fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1-en fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>In the State of Lu, there lived a frugal man who prepared food with a humble pottery vessel and found it pleasing upon tasting his modest fare. The person placed the food in an earthen bowl and offered it to Confucius. Confucius received it with genuine joy, as if it were a sumptuous feast.</p>
<p>Zi Lu remarked, &ldquo;The bowl is a common vessel, and the food within is plain. Why does my master find such delight in it?&rdquo;</p>
<p>Confucius responded, &ldquo;A man who cares deeply for his king is ever mindful of him, and one who savors good food remembers his parents. My joy does not lie in the elegance of the food or the vessel, but the thought of me in one&rsquo;s moment of enjoyment!&rdquo;</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-715k8if9 fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1 fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>魯國有一位非常節儉的人，用陶土做的炊具煮東西吃，吃了之後，覺得食物很美味，便把食物裝到陶碗裡，進獻給孔子。孔子就像接受了牛羊豕三牲那般餽贈一般的高興。</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-77tjaiof fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1-en fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>In the State of Lu, there was a frugal person who used pottery pots to cook his food. Finding the food delicious, he placed some of it in a pottery bowl and offered it to Confucius. Confucius seemed as delighted as if he had received the &ldquo;three sacrifices&rdquo;&mdash;beef, lamb, and pork.</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-715jtahc fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1 fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>孔子的學生子路說：「那人送來的東西，是裝在開口的陶盆，這是一種鄙陋的器皿；而裡面所盛裝的熟食，也只是很粗淡的飲食，但老師您為什麼這麼高興呢？」孔子說：「為了國君好，也常常想要進諫的人，總是常會想到君主；孝愛父母的人，吃到美味食物就常會想到父母。我歡喜的，並不是他餽贈的食品和餐具是否豐厚或美好，而是因為他吃到好東西就想到我的這份情意啊。」</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-77tjcm54 fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1-en fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>Zi Lu, one of Confucius&rsquo; students, wondered, &ldquo;The gift was placed in a simple open pottery bowl, which is a rather lowly utensil. The food itself is plain and unsophisticated, too. Why are you so pleased, my teacher?&rdquo; Confucius replied, &ldquo;A person who cares deeply about his king and often wishes to offer advice always thinks of his king. Similarly, someone who respects and loves his parents will think of them when enjoying good food. I am happy not because of the richness or quality of the food and the utensil, but because he thought of me when he had something nice to eat.&rdquo;</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-794h0f3f fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1 fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>此畫描繪的，就是孔子在魯國接受餽贈食物而歡喜的故事。下方的魯國人臉部略為凹陷，展現出清貧的樣貌，而孔子居上，在接受食物後，流露出欣喜之情。說明孔子重視人情之厚薄，更甚於物品之輕重。這也正是孔子思想的核心&mdash;真情意的「仁」。</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-77tjdflo fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1-en fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>This painting depicts the story of Confucius feeling delighted upon receiving a food gift in the State of Lu. The Lu citizen at the bottom is depicted with a slightly gaunt face, suggesting he was impoverished. Confucius, positioned above him, expressed joy upon receiving the food, highlighting that he valued the person&rsquo;s sincerity more than the material value of the gift. This reflects a core of Confucius&rsquo; philosophy -- the &ldquo;ren&rdquo; (benevolence) that comes from heartfelt intentions.</p>
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			</item>
		<item>
		<title>景公尊讓</title>
		<link>https://ourtown.tw/culture/people/5523/</link>
					<comments>https://ourtown.tw/culture/people/5523/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Debbie]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 13 Jan 2025 02:13:12 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[人物故事]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[文化]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://ourtown.tw/?p=5523</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[景公問政孔子，孔子曰：「君君，臣臣，父父，子子。」
景公曰：「善哉！信如君不君，臣不臣，父不父，子不子，雖有粟，吾豈得而食諸！」
他日又復問政於孔子，孔子曰：「政在節財。」景公說，將欲以尼谿田封孔子。]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<section class="ffb-id-715jtagt fg-section fg-text-dark"><div class="fg-container container fg-container-medium fg-container-lvl--1 "><div class="fg-row row    " ><div class="ffb-id-715jtagv fg-col col-xs-12 col-md-12 fg-text-dark"><h2 class="ffb-id-6po50k1h fg-heading text-left    title-sub-eng fg-text-dark"> Lord Jing’s Reverence and Humility</h2><div class="ffb-id-715jtaha fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-auther-style1 fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>文、攝影 / 歐修梅</p>
<p></div><img decoding="async" class="ffb-id-79kkqlip fg-image  img-responsive full-width fg-text-dark" width="2048" height="945" src="https://ourtown.tw/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/潘麗水繪：孔子行跡圖5—景公尊讓.jpg" alt="潘麗水繪：孔子行跡圖5—景公尊讓"><div class="ffb-id-715jtahb fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1 fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>故事出處：《史記．孔子世家》</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-77tj6see fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1-en fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>The story comes from Records of the Grand Historian: The House of Confucius</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-77tj7e1a fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1 fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>景公問政孔子，孔子曰：「君君，臣臣，父父，子子。」<br />景公曰：「善哉！信如君不君，臣不臣，父不父，子不子，雖有粟，吾豈得而食諸！」<br />他日又復問政於孔子，孔子曰：「政在節財。」景公說，將欲以尼谿田封孔子。</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-77tj7ik1 fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1-en fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>Lord Jing of Qi sought counsel from Confucius on governance. Confucius replied, "Let kings be kings, ministers be ministers, fathers be fathers, sons be sons.&rdquo;</p>
<p>Lord Jing responded, &ldquo;Wonderful! For if the king is not as a king should be, the minister not as a minister should be, the father not as a father should be, and the son not as a son should be, even though there may be grain in the granary, how would I possibly enjoy it?&rdquo;</p>
<p>On another day, Lord Jing again inquired Confucius about the principles of governance. Confucius said, &ldquo;Good governance lies in frugality.&rdquo; Pleased, Lord Jing considered bestowing upon Confucius the lands of Ni Creek.</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-715k8if9 fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1 fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>這是孔子中年時期的故事，當時魯國發生內亂，魯國國君魯昭公被國內三大家族打敗，出逃到齊國，孔子也離開魯國去到齊國，也得到機會謁見齊景公。</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-77tjaiof fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1-en fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>This story took place during Confucius&rsquo; middle years, a period when the State of Lu was plagued by civil warfare. Lord Zhao of Lu was defeated by the three most powerful families in the state and fled to the State of Qi. Confucius also left Lu and traveled to Qi, where he had the opportunity to meet Lord Jing of Qi.</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-715jtahc fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1 fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>齊景公向孔子請教治理國家的道理，孔子提出「君君、臣臣、父父、子子」，也就是做國君的，要像個國君；做大臣的，要像個大臣；做父親的，要像個父親；做兒子的，要像個兒子。</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-77tjcm54 fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1-en fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>Lord Jing of Qi consulted Confucius on the principles of ruling a country. Confucius advised, &ldquo;Let kings be kings, ministers be ministers, fathers be fathers, and sons be sons.&rdquo; In other words, kings should act like kings, ministers should act like ministers, fathers should act like fathers, and sons should act like sons.</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-794h0f3f fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1 fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>齊景公說：「說得太好了！如果國君不像國君、大臣不像大臣、父親不像父親、兒子不像兒子，那麼即使倉庫裡有很多糧食，我又哪裡能吃得著呢？」</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-77tjdflo fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1-en fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>Lord Jing of Qi replied, &ldquo;Well said! If kings do not act like kings, ministers do not act like ministers, fathers do not act like fathers, and sons do not act like sons, even there is plenty of grain in the warehouse, how will I ever get to enjoy it?&rdquo;</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-7533m9t9 fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1 fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>過了幾天，齊景公又向孔子詢問如何治理國家，孔子說：「治理國家要注意節省財力。」齊景公聽了很開心，想要把尼谿的一塊領地封給孔子。</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-77tjdqgd fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1-en fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>A few days after, Lord Jing of Qi consulted Confucius again about the principles of ruling a country. Confucius advised, &ldquo;Be mindful of conserving financial resources when ruling a country.&rdquo; Lord Jing of Qi was delighted by this advice and wished to bestow a piece of land near Ni Creek to Confucius.</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-89hd3pp3 fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1 fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>可惜這件事因為晏嬰的阻擾而作罷。</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-89hd3lr3 fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1-en fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>Pitifully, the plan was thwarted due to the intervention of Yan Ying.</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-89hf6npn fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1 fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>此畫描繪的，就是孔子謁見齊景公之事。背景是野外的一棵松樹之下，齊景公後方有兩位隨從，一人執傘，另一人持燈，孔子則略居於下方，主賓二人拱手揖讓，展現出和諧的氛圍。</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-89hf6ucf fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1-en fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>This painting depicts the audience between Lord Jing of Qi and Confucius. The scene is set in the wilderness beneath a pine tree. The lord is accompanied by two guards, one holding an umbrella and the other a lamp. Confucius is positioned slightly lower. The lord and his esteemed guest are shown bowing to each other in mutual respect.</p>
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		<title>西河返駕</title>
		<link>https://ourtown.tw/culture/people/5517/</link>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Debbie]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 13 Jan 2025 01:55:30 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[人物故事]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[文化]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://ourtown.tw/?p=5517</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[孔子既不得用於衛，將西見趙簡子。
至於河而聞竇鳴犢、舜華之死也，臨河而嘆曰：「美哉水，洋洋乎！丘之不濟此，命也夫！」
子貢趨而進曰：「敢問何謂也？」

孔子曰：「竇鳴犢，舜華，晉國之賢大夫也。趙簡子未得志之時，須此兩人而後從政；及其已得志，殺之乃從政。丘聞之也：刳胎殺夭，則麒麟不至郊；竭澤涸漁，則蛟龍不合陰陽；覆巢毀卵，則鳳皇不翔。何則？君子諱傷其類也。夫鳥獸之於不義也尚知辟之，而況乎丘哉！」
乃還，息乎陬鄉，作為〈陬操〉以哀之。]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<section class="ffb-id-715jtagt fg-section fg-text-dark"><div class="fg-container container fg-container-medium fg-container-lvl--1 "><div class="fg-row row    " ><div class="ffb-id-715jtagv fg-col col-xs-12 col-md-12 fg-text-dark"><h2 class="ffb-id-6po50k1h fg-heading text-left    title-sub-eng fg-text-dark">Returning from the Yellow River during a Westward Journey</h2><div class="ffb-id-715jtaha fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-auther-style1 fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>文、攝影 / 歐修梅</p>
<p></div><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="ffb-id-79kkqlip fg-image  img-responsive full-width fg-text-dark" width="2048" height="890" src="https://ourtown.tw/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/潘麗水繪：孔子行跡圖4—西河返駕.jpg" alt="潘麗水繪：孔子行跡圖4—西河返駕"><div class="ffb-id-715jtahb fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1 fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>故事出處：《史記．孔子世家》</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-77tj6see fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1-en fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>The story comes from Records of the Grand Historian: The House of Confucius</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-77tj7e1a fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1 fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>孔子既不得用於衛，將西見趙簡子。<br />至於河而聞竇鳴犢、舜華之死也，臨河而嘆曰：「美哉水，洋洋乎！丘之不濟此，命也夫！」<br />子貢趨而進曰：「敢問何謂也？」</p>
<p>孔子曰：「竇鳴犢，舜華，晉國之賢大夫也。趙簡子未得志之時，須此兩人而後從政；及其已得志，殺之乃從政。丘聞之也：刳胎殺夭，則麒麟不至郊；竭澤涸漁，則蛟龍不合陰陽；覆巢毀卵，則鳳皇不翔。何則？君子諱傷其類也。夫鳥獸之於不義也尚知辟之，而況乎丘哉！」</p>
<p>乃還，息乎陬鄉，作為〈陬操〉以哀之。</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-77tj7ik1 fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1-en fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>Confucius, finding no favor in the State of Wei, resolved to journey west to seek an audience with Zhao Jianzi. However, as Confucius reached the banks of the Yellow River, tidings of the deaths of Dou Mingdu and Shun Hua fell upon his ears. Standing by the river, he lamented, &ldquo;How splendid the river is, vast and boundless! That I shall never cross it is indeed my fate!&rdquo;</p>
<p>Zi Gong stepped forward and inquired, &ldquo;May I ask, Master, what do you mean?&rdquo;</p>
<p>Confucius replied, "Dou Mingdu and Shun Hua were virtuous ministers in the land of Jin. Before Zhao Jianzi ascended to his power, he leaned upon these men to govern. But when his ambition was fulfilled, he had them slain. I have heard it said, &lsquo;If a land slays the unborn by cutting open the womb, the Chinese unicorn shall not wander its fields; if the waters be drained and the fish taken, the scaled dragon shall not stir the clouds to rain; if the nests be overturned and the eggs destroyed, the Phoenix shall not grace the skies above. Why so? Because the noble abhor harming their own kind. If even birds and beasts shun injustice, how much more should I!&rdquo;</p>
<p>And so he returned, taking refuge in the town of Zou, where he composed the Zou Melody to mourn their tragic fate.</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-715k8if9 fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1 fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>孔子由於在衛國不受重用，所以就準備往西走，想到晉國見晉國執政上卿趙簡子。沒想到，剛走到黃河岸邊，就聽到了晉國兩位賢良的大夫竇鳴犢和舜華被趙簡子殺害的消息！孔子就對著河水感慨地說：「多麼美麗的黃河啊！如此浩浩蕩蕩！我一輩子不能渡過黃河往西行，恐怕也是命裡注定的吧！」</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-77tjaiof fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1-en fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>Confucius, feeling unappreciated in the State of Wei, decided to head west with the intention of meeting Zhao Jianzi, the Chief Minister of the State of Jin. However, upon reaching the banks of the Yellow River, he unexpectedly heard news that Zhao Jianzi had murdered two virtuous ministers of Jin, Dou Mingdu and Shun Hua. Confucius, gazing at the river, lamented, &ldquo;How beautiful the Yellow River is! It seems that I am destined never to cross you and journey west!&rdquo;</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-715jtahc fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1 fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>子貢趨進向孔子請教：「老師您這話是什麼意思呢？」</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-77tjcm54 fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1-en fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>Zi Gong took a step forward and asked, &ldquo;What do you mean, my teacher?&rdquo;</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-794h0f3f fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1 fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>孔子說：「竇鳴犢和舜華都是晉國的好大夫，趙簡子在還沒有得勢之前，都是靠這兩個人才得以執掌朝政，現在他得勢了，就首先把這兩個人殺掉了。我聽前人這樣說：『如果有一地方的人剖開母體殺死胎內小獸，那麼麒麟就不會到那個地方去；如果有一地方的人抽乾了水去捕魚，那麼蛟龍就不會到那裡下雨；如果有一地方的人翻覆了鳥巢去毀取鳥蛋，那麼鳳凰就絕不會到那裡去，為什麼呢？這是因為君子人是不會願意看到自己的同類受害的。那鳥獸對於不仁不義的事情都還知道躲避，更何況是孔丘我呢！』」</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-77tjdflo fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1-en fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>Confucius replied, &ldquo;Dou Mingdu and Shun Hua were both virtuous ministers of Jin. Zhao Jianzi relied on their talents to gain control of the government. Now that he has consolidated his power, he murders them first. As a saying goes, &lsquo;If there is a place where people cut open the wombs of animals and kill the unborn, the Chinese unicorn will not go there. If there is a place where people drain water to catch fish, the scaled dragon will not bring rain there. If there is a place where people overturn nests to take eggs, the phoenix will never go there.&rsquo; Why? It is because noble people do not want to see their kind get hurt. Even birds and beasts know they should avoid cruelty and injustice, let alone me, Kong Chiu!&rdquo;</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-7533m9t9 fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1 fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>於是孔子就退回到陬鄉，並在陬鄉那裡譜了一曲〈陬操〉來哀悼竇鳴犢和舜華的不幸。</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-77tjdqgd fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1-en fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>So, Confucius returned to Zouxiang and wrote a Tsou Melody in memory of the unfortunate Dou Mingdu and Shun Hua.</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-89hd3pp3 fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1 fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>此畫便是描繪孔子將西見趙簡子，來到黃河邊而聽聞竇鳴犢、舜華之死，隨即返駕的這段事跡。</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-89hd3lr3 fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1-en fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>This painting depicts the story of Confucius returning swiftly halfway on his westward journey to Zhao Jianzi upon learning the death of Dou Mingdu and Shun Hua.</p>
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		<title>微服過宋</title>
		<link>https://ourtown.tw/culture/people/5511/</link>
					<comments>https://ourtown.tw/culture/people/5511/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Debbie]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 13 Jan 2025 01:47:27 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[人物故事]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[文化]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://ourtown.tw/?p=5511</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[孔子去曹適宋，與弟子習禮大樹下。
宋 司馬桓魋 欲殺孔子，拔其樹。
孔子去。弟子曰：「可以速矣。」
孔子曰：「天生德於予，桓魋其如予何！」]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<section class="ffb-id-715jtagt fg-section fg-text-dark"><div class="fg-container container fg-container-medium fg-container-lvl--1 "><div class="fg-row row    " ><div class="ffb-id-715jtagv fg-col col-xs-12 col-md-12 fg-text-dark"><h2 class="ffb-id-6po50k1h fg-heading text-left    title-sub-eng fg-text-dark">Passing through the State of Song in Humble Attire<br />
</h2><div class="ffb-id-715jtaha fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-auther-style1 fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>文、攝影 / 歐修梅</p>
<p></div><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="ffb-id-79kkqlip fg-image  img-responsive full-width fg-text-dark" width="2048" height="901" src="https://ourtown.tw/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/潘麗水繪：孔子行跡圖3—微服過宋.jpg" alt="潘麗水繪：孔子行跡圖3—微服過宋"><div class="ffb-id-715jtahb fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1 fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>故事出處：《史記．孔子世家》</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-77tj6see fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1-en fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>The story comes from Records of the Grand Historian: The House of Confucius</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-77tj7e1a fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1 fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>孔子去曹適宋，與弟子習禮大樹下。<br />宋 司馬桓魋 欲殺孔子，拔其樹。<br />孔子去。弟子曰：「可以速矣。」<br />孔子曰：「天生德於予，桓魋其如予何！」</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-77tj7ik1 fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1-en fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>During a journey from the State of Cao to the State of Song, Confucius and his disciples engaged in the studies of the rites under the boughs of a large tree.</p>
<p>Harboring the thought of slaying Confucius, Commander Huantui ordered the tree to be felled.</p>
<p>Confucius took his leave. A disciple noted, &ldquo;We should hasten our steps.&rdquo;</p>
<p>Confucius replied, &ldquo;Heaven has bestowed virtue upon me; what can Huantui truly bring upon me?&rdquo;</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-715k8if9 fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1 fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>孔子周遊列國，游說各國國君推行仁政、德政，雖然面見了多國的國君與大夫，也曾說動了齊景公等國君，但終究還是因為遭到排擠和讒言毀謗，所以，始終未能得到重用，而且，有時甚至還會有生命的危險。</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-77tjaiof fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1-en fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>Confucius traveled across various states, persuading their kings to adopt benevolent and virtuous governance. Although he successfully secured audiences with many kings and ministers, and even convinced rulers such as Lord Jing of Qi, he was never heavily trusted due to ostracism, slander, and defamation. At times, he even faced life-threatening dangers.</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-715jtahc fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1 fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>在栖栖惶惶的旅途中，孔子與學生也仍然不中斷學習。公元493年，孔子和弟子離開曹國要往宋國的路上，在大樹下與弟子演習禮儀。宋國的司馬桓魋想殺孔子，就派人將孔子與學生遮蔭的大樹砍除，藉此恐嚇孔子。有學生說：「為了預防不測，我們還是快走吧！」</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-77tjcm54 fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1-en fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>During this unsettled journey, Confucius and his disciples continued their studies. In 493 B.C., as they left the State of Cao for the State of Song, Confucius and his students practiced rituals under a large tree. Huantui, a military commander of Song, intended to murder Confucius. He sent someone to chop down the tree which provided shade to Confucius and his students as a gesture of intimidation. A student suggested, &ldquo;To prevent any unforeseen danger, we should leave quickly!&rdquo;</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-794h0f3f fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1 fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>孔子回答：「上天既然降下『德』在我身上，桓魋他又能拿我怎麼樣呢？」也就是說：道德雖然是由個人修養而來，但那也是因為上天先降下「德」在人身上，個人才能夠順著這「德」去修養。桓魋厭惡的是孔子之德，縱使可以殺了孔子的肉身，也奪不去孔子之德，因為這「德」是由天而來，並不專在孔子，只要有人承續了孔子由天而來之「德」，桓魋便怎麼也殺不完。</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-77tjdflo fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1-en fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>Confucius replied, &ldquo;Since Heaven has bestowed virtue upon me, what can Huantui do to me?&rdquo; This means that, while morality stems from personal cultivation, a person can only develops his virtue when Heaven has bestowed it upon him. Huantui despised Confucius for his virtue. However, even if Huantui could kill Confucius&rsquo; physical body, he could not take away his virtue. The virtue is bestowed by Heaven and does not belong solely to Confucius. As long as others continue to embody the heavenly virtue that Confucius received, Huantui will never be able to kill them all.</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-7533m9t9 fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1 fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>此畫正是描繪孔子這段事跡。但所取材的，並不是桓魋派人來砍樹警告的那危急時刻，而是以孔子為了避禍，於是微服（改穿平民便服）而行，在經過宋國時，派一名童子問路的場景。圖中可見，孔子雖然微服，但仍然受到文雅之士的敬重。</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-77tjdqgd fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1-en fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>The painting depicts this episode from the life of Confucius. It does not portray the perilous moment when Huantui sent someone to cut down the tree as a warning. Rather, this picture depicts the scene where Confucius sent a young student to ask for directions as they passed through the State of Song. To avoid danger, Confucius was dressed in modest civilian garments. It is evident that, despite his plain outfits, Confucius was still revered by the literati.</p>
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		<title>過庭詩禮</title>
		<link>https://ourtown.tw/culture/people/5496/</link>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Debbie]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 10 Jan 2025 05:32:59 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[人物故事]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[文化]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://ourtown.tw/?p=5496</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[陳亢問於伯魚曰：「子亦有異聞乎？」
對曰：「未也。嘗獨立，鯉趨而過庭。曰：『學《詩》乎？』對曰：『未也。』『不學《詩》，無以言。』鯉退而學詩。
他日又獨立，鯉趨而過庭。曰：『學禮乎？』對曰：『未也。』『不學禮，無以立。』鯉退而學禮。聞斯二者。」
陳亢退而喜曰：「問一得三，聞《詩》 ，聞禮，又聞君子之遠其子也。」]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<section class="ffb-id-715jtagt fg-section fg-text-dark"><div class="fg-container container fg-container-medium fg-container-lvl--1 "><div class="fg-row row    " ><div class="ffb-id-715jtagv fg-col col-xs-12 col-md-12 fg-text-dark"><h2 class="ffb-id-6po50k1h fg-heading text-left    title-sub-eng fg-text-dark">Learning the Importance of the Book of Songs and Propriety in a Courtyard<br />
</h2><div class="ffb-id-715jtaha fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-auther-style1 fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>文、攝影 / 歐修梅</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-89hh9dat fg-row row     fg-text-dark"><div class="ffb-id-89hh9dau fg-col col-xs-12 col-md-3 fg-text-dark"></div><div class="ffb-id-89hh9dav fg-col col-xs-12 col-md-6 fg-text-dark"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="ffb-id-89hh9db1 fg-image  img-responsive full-width fg-text-dark" width="1097" height="2048" src="https://ourtown.tw/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/潘麗水繪：孔子行跡圖2—過庭詩禮.jpg" alt="潘麗水繪：孔子行跡圖2—過庭詩禮"></div><div class="ffb-id-89hh9db2 fg-col col-xs-12 col-md-3 fg-text-dark"></div></div><div class="ffb-id-715jtahb fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1 fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>故事出處：《論語．季氏》</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-77tj6see fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1-en fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>The story comes from &ldquo;Ji Shi&rdquo; of the Analects of Confucius</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-77tj7e1a fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1 fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>陳亢問於伯魚曰：「子亦有異聞乎？」</p>
<p>對曰：「未也。嘗獨立，鯉趨而過庭。曰：『學《詩》乎？』對曰：『未也。』『不學《詩》，無以言。』鯉退而學詩。</p>
<p>他日又獨立，鯉趨而過庭。曰：『學禮乎？』對曰：『未也。』『不學禮，無以立。』鯉退而學禮。聞斯二者。」<br />陳亢退而喜曰：「問一得三，聞《詩》 ，聞禮，又聞君子之遠其子也。」</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-77tj7ik1 fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1-en fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>Chen Kang inquired of Boyu, &ldquo;Do you possess any special knowledge?&rdquo;</p>
<p>Boyu responded, &ldquo;No. I recall once when my father was standing alone and I passed through the courtyard. He asked, &lsquo;Have you studied the Book of Songs?&rsquo; I replied, &lsquo;No.&rsquo; He said, &lsquo;Without studying the Book of Songs, one cannot speak with decorum.&rsquo; Thus, I withdrew to study the Book of Songs.</p>
<p>On another day, my father was standing alone again, and I passed by the courtyard. He asked, &lsquo;Have you studied propriety?&rsquo; I answered, &lsquo;No.&rsquo; He said, &lsquo;Without studying propriety, one cannot conduct oneself properly in society.&rsquo; So, I withdrew to study propriety. These are the two teachings I received.&rdquo;</p>
<p>Chen Kang, upon hearing this, was delighted and remarked, &ldquo;By posing a single query, I have gained three lessons: the significance of the Book of Songs, the importance of propriety, and the fact that a true gentleman refrains from demonstrating favor towards his own offspring.&rdquo;</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-715k8if9 fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1 fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>孔子的兒子名鯉，字伯魚。孔子的學生陳亢有一天問伯魚：「你有聽到老師（孔子）說過什麼特別的教誨嗎？」</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-77tjaiof fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1-en fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>Confucius&rsquo; son was named Li with a courtesy name of Boyu. One day, Confucius&rsquo; disciple Chen Kang asked Boyu, &ldquo;Have you heard any special teachings from your master (Confucius)?&rdquo;</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-715jtahc fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1 fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>　伯魚回答說：「沒有。我只記得有一次，父親（孔子）獨自站著堂上，我經過中庭時，父親問我：『你學過《詩經》嗎？』我回答：『還沒學。』父親就說：『不學《詩經》，你就不會知道如何得體地說話。』所以我就好好去學了《詩經》。</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-77tjcm54 fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1-en fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>Boyu replied, &ldquo;No. I only remember that once my father (Confucius) was standing in in the hall alone. As I walked by the courtyard, my father asked, &lsquo;Have you studied the Book of Songs?&rsquo; I replied, &lsquo;I haven&rsquo;t.&rsquo; My father said, &lsquo;If you don&rsquo;t study the Book of Songs, you won&rsquo;t know how to speak properly.&rsquo; So I studied the Book of Songs thoroughly.</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-794h0f3f fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1 fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>後來，又有一次，父親也是獨自站著堂上，當我經過中庭時，父親問我：『你學過禮嗎？』我回答：『還沒學。』父親說：『不學禮，你就不懂得如何立身、適當地行為處世。』所以我就去學了禮。這就是我私下聽到的兩次教誨。」</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-77tjdflo fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1-en fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>Later, one day, my father was standing in the hall alone again. When I passed by the courtyard, my father asked, &lsquo;Have you studied propriety?&rsquo; I replied, &lsquo;I haven&rsquo;t.&rsquo; My father said, &lsquo;If you don&rsquo;t study propriety, you won&rsquo;t know how to interact with others properly in this world.&rsquo; So I studied propriety. Those are the two teachings I received privately.&rdquo;</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-7533m9t9 fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1 fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>陳亢聽後很高興，說：「我這次問了一個問題，卻得到了三個收穫：其一是知道了《詩經》的重要性，其二是知道了禮的價值，其三便是知道君子對自己的孩子並沒有私下的厚待。」</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-77tjdqgd fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1-en fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>Chen Kang was pleased upon hearing the reply and said, &ldquo;By asking one question, I have gained three insights. First, I have come to understand the significance of the Book of Songs. Second, I have learned about the value of propriety. Third, I have realized that a gentleman does not show favoritism to his own children in private.&rdquo;</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-89hd3pp3 fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1 fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>此畫正是描繪孔子教兒子孔鯉學《詩》、禮的場景，孔子立於屋簷下的臺階之上，孔鯉則站在臺階下方處，即使親如父子，二人也是以禮相待。</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-89hd3lr3 fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1-en fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>This painting depicts Confucius asking his son Kong Li to study the Book of Songs and propriety. Confucius is shown standing on a step beneath the roof, with Kong Li on a lower step. Even though they are father and son, they treated each other with mutual respect.</p>
<p></div></div></div></div></section><style>.ffb-id-89hh9dat{ margin-left:-5px;margin-right:-5px;}.ffb-id-89hh9dat  > .fg-col{ padding-left:5px;padding-right:5px;}.ffb-id-89hh9dat{ padding-bottom: 15px;}</style><script type="text/javascript"></script>
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			</item>
		<item>
		<title>放鯫知德</title>
		<link>https://ourtown.tw/culture/people/5478/</link>
					<comments>https://ourtown.tw/culture/people/5478/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Debbie]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 10 Jan 2025 01:48:28 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[人物故事]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[文化]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://ourtown.tw/?p=5478</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[孔子弟子有宓子賤者，仕於魯，為單父宰。三年，孔子使巫馬期往觀政焉。
巫馬期陰免衣，衣弊裘，入單父界。
見夜漁者，得魚輒舍之。巫馬期問焉，曰：「凡漁者為得，何以得魚即舍之？」
漁者曰：「魚之大者名為䲖，吾大夫愛之；其小者名鱦，吾大夫欲長之。是以得二者輒舍之。」
巫馬期返以告孔子曰：「宓子之德至，使民闇行若有嚴刑於旁。敢問宓子何行而得於是？」
孔子曰：「吾嘗與之言曰：『誠於此者，刑乎彼。』宓子行此術於單父也。」]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<section class="ffb-id-715jtagt fg-section fg-text-dark"><div class="fg-container container fg-container-medium fg-container-lvl--1 "><div class="fg-row row    " ><div class="ffb-id-715jtagv fg-col col-xs-12 col-md-12 fg-text-dark"><h2 class="ffb-id-6po50k1h fg-heading text-left    title-sub-eng fg-text-dark">Releasing Small Fish as a Virtuous Deed</h2><div class="ffb-id-715jtaha fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-auther-style1 fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>文、圖 / 歐修梅</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-89hhbbtk fg-row row     fg-text-dark"><div class="ffb-id-89hhbbtl fg-col col-xs-12 col-md-3 fg-text-dark"></div><div class="ffb-id-89hhbbtm fg-col col-xs-12 col-md-6 fg-text-dark"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="ffb-id-89hhbbto fg-image  img-responsive full-width fg-text-dark" width="1044" height="2048" src="https://ourtown.tw/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/潘麗水繪：孔子行跡圖1—放鯫知德-1.jpg" alt="潘麗水繪：孔子行跡圖1—放鯫知德"></div><div class="ffb-id-89hhbbtp fg-col col-xs-12 col-md-3 fg-text-dark"></div></div><div class="ffb-id-715jtahb fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1 fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>故事出處：《孔子家語．屈節解》</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-77tj6see fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1-en fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>The story comes from Confucius&rsquo; Family Sayings: Explanation of Modesty</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-77tj7e1a fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1 fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>孔子弟子有宓子賤者，仕於魯，為單父宰。三年，孔子使巫馬期往觀政焉。<br />巫馬期陰免衣，衣弊裘，入單父界。</p>
<p>見夜漁者，得魚輒舍之。巫馬期問焉，曰：「凡漁者為得，何以得魚即舍之？」<br />漁者曰：「魚之大者名為䲖，吾大夫愛之；其小者名鱦，吾大夫欲長之。是以得二者輒舍之。」</p>
<p>巫馬期返以告孔子曰：「宓子之德至，使民闇行若有嚴刑於旁。敢問宓子何行而得於是？」</p>
<p>孔子曰：「吾嘗與之言曰：『誠於此者，刑乎彼。』宓子行此術於單父也。」</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-77tj7ik1 fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1-en fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>One of Confucius&rsquo; disciples, Mi Zijian, held office in the State of Lu, presiding over Danfu. After three years, Confucius dispatched Wu Maqi to assess Mi&rsquo;s administration.</p>
<p>Removing his usual garments at night for a weathered fur coat, Wu Maqi entered the precincts of Danfu.</p>
<p>There, he witnessed a fisherman who, under the cover of night, released every fish he had caught. Intrigued, Wu Maqi inquired, &ldquo;Most fishermen retain the fish they capture. What compels you to set them free?&rdquo;</p>
<p>The fisherman replied, &ldquo;The larger fish, known as &lsquo;chou,&rsquo; are cherished by our magistrate. The smaller ones, named &lsquo;sheng,&rsquo; are intended by our magistrate to grow. Hence, I release both kinds whenever I catch them.&rdquo;</p>
<p>Upon his return, Wu Maqi reported to Confucius, &ldquo;The virtue of Mi Zijian is so widespread that his subjects act as though under stringent laws, even in secrecy. How has he achieved such influence?&rdquo;</p>
<p>Confucius responded, &ldquo;I once said to him, &lsquo;Sincerity in one place manifests as if it were strict law in another.&rsquo; Mi Zijian has practiced this principle in Danfu.&rdquo;</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-715k8if9 fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1 fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>孔子有一個學生名為宓子賤，在魯國擔任管理單父邑的官員。宓子賤以敦厚之心，施行仁政，誠懇而忠信，百姓都受到他的感化。三年之後，孔子派遣另一位弟子巫馬期，去單父了解宓子賤的政績。</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-77tjaiof fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1-en fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>Confucius had a student named Mi Zijian, who served as an official managing the town of Danfu in the State of Lu. Mi Zijian governed with an honest mind, practicing benevolence with sincerity and loyalty, which deeply inspired townspeople. After three years, Confucius sent another disciple, Wu Maqi, to Danfu to learn about Mi Zijian&rsquo;s achievements in governance.</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-715jtahc fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1 fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>巫馬期脫下官服，先暗地裡穿上破皮襖，易裝進入單父境內。巫馬期在當地看到夜間捕魚的人，那人補到了魚，卻又將魚放了。巫馬期覺得很奇怪，便問道：「所有捕魚的人，目的都是在得到魚，為什麽你明明補到魚，卻又把魚給放了呢？」捕魚的人說：「魚群中那些大一點的叫做「䲖」，是懷孕的鮑魚，我們的地方官宓子賤大夫很護生、疼惜它們；那些小一點的叫做「鱦」，我們的宓子賤大夫希望讓魚長大再捕捉，剛剛我所捕到就是這兩種魚，所以，就把它們都放了。」</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-77tjcm54 fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1-en fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>Wu Maqi took off his official attire and, in secret, changed to a tattered leather coat before entering the land of Danfu. There, he saw a man fishing at night, who released the fish he had just caught. Wu Maqi was curious and asked, &ldquo;Most people keep the fish they catch. Why did you release it at all?&rdquo; The fisherman explained, &ldquo;In a group of fish, the larger ones are called &lsquo;chou,&rsquo; which means pregnant abalone, while the smaller ones are called &lsquo;sheng.&rsquo; Our magistrate Mi Zijian is highly protective of wildlife and cherishes them. He wants us to catch only fully grown fish. The fish I caught fall into both categories, so I released them.&rdquo;</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-794h0f3f fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1 fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>巫馬期回去後，將所看到的情形告訴孔子，並且說：「宓子的德政，使百姓在暗地裡做事，都好像旁邊有著嚴明的刑法在監督自己，請問老師：宓子是怎麼能達到這個境界的呢？</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-77tjdflo fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1-en fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>After he returned, Wu Maqi reported everything he had seen to Confucius and said, &ldquo;Mi Zijian&rsquo;s virtuous governance is so effective that people feel they are under strict surveillance even when acting in secret. My master, how could he achieve this?&rdquo;</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-7533m9t9 fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1 fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>孔子說：「我曾經跟子賤講過：『在此地表現出最大的真誠，一定可以在另外一處形成最好的典範。』子賤在單父推行的，就是這個辦法吧！」</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-77tjdqgd fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1-en fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>Confucius replied, &ldquo;I once told Zijian, &lsquo;Uttermost sincerity demonstrated in one place will serve as the most exemplary model in another.&rsquo; I believe Zijian applied this principle in his governance in Danfu!&rdquo;</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-77tjf0r2 fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1 fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>此畫描繪的，就是巫馬期在單父看漁夫捕魚的這個故事。孔子曾經說過：「君子之德風，小人之德草。草上之風，必偃。」在上位者的德性就像風一樣，而百姓則像地上的草。當風吹過草地時，草便會跟著風的方向而動，風往哪兒吹，草就往哪裡倒。因此，孔子教導宓子賤要以真誠對待百姓，當宓子賤在眾人可見的地方真誠地實施仁政，那麼在眾人看不見的地方，例如夜裡的水邊，百姓就會做出足以為典範的行為，例如護生、尊重自然律則。</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-899mjt5b fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1-en fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>This painting depicts the story of Wu Maqi observing a fisherman catching fish in Danfu. Confucius once said, &ldquo;The superior&rsquo;s virtue is like the wind, and the inferior&rsquo;s virtue is like grass. Wherever the wind blows, the grass bends.&rdquo; The saying refers to the superior&rsquo;s virtue as the wind and the inferior&rsquo;s virtue as the grass in a field. When the wind blows across the grass, the grass moves in the direction of the wind. Wherever the wind blows, the grass bends in that direction. Therefore, Confucius taught Mi Zijian to treat people with sincerity. When Mi Zijian practiced benevolence with sincerity in places that can be monitored by all, in places that no one can see, such as waterfront at night, people will carry out exemplary deeds, such as protecting wildlife and respecting the laws of nature.</p>
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		<title>台灣廟宇中的孔子故事</title>
		<link>https://ourtown.tw/culture/people/5465/</link>
					<comments>https://ourtown.tw/culture/people/5465/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Debbie]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 10 Jan 2025 01:06:05 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[人物故事]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[文化]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://ourtown.tw/?p=5465</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[台灣的漢人聚落幾乎都有「大廟」，是當地人的信仰、娛樂、商業、教化、聯誼、地方自治的中心。]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<section class="ffb-id-715jtagt fg-section fg-text-dark"><div class="fg-container container fg-container-medium fg-container-lvl--1 "><div class="fg-row row    " ><div class="ffb-id-715jtagv fg-col col-xs-12 col-md-12 fg-text-dark"><h2 class="ffb-id-6po50k1h fg-heading text-left    title-sub-eng fg-text-dark">The Stories of Confucius in Taiwanese Temple<br />
</h2><div class="ffb-id-715jtaha fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-auther-style1 fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>文、圖 / 歐修梅</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-715jtahb fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1 fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>台灣的漢人聚落幾乎都有「大廟」，是當地人的信仰、娛樂、商業、教化、聯誼、地方自治的中心。</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-77tj6see fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1-en fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>In Taiwan, there is a &ldquo;grand temple&rdquo; in every traditional Han community. It is the center for religion, entertainment, commerce, education, social gatherings, and community governance for locals.</p>
<p></div><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="ffb-id-715jtahg fg-image  img-responsive fg-text-dark" width="697" height="695" src="https://ourtown.tw/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/孔子.jpg" alt="乾三連" title="乾三連"><div class="ffb-id-77tj7e1a fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1 fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>地方的「大廟」各有不同的主祀神明，再陪祀以其他神明。至聖先師孔子在官方系統的孔廟雖為主祀，但也常常成為各地大廟的同祀神，信眾常常會親切地稱呼為「孔子公」。</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-77tj7ik1 fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1-en fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>The local &ldquo;grand temples&rdquo; have their own primary deities, accompany by other gods. Although Confucius, the Great Sage and Teacher, is the primary deity in official Confucian temples, he is also often enshrined as an accompanying god in other grand temples. Devotees affectionately refer to him as Lord Confucius.</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-715k8if9 fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1 fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>台南市關廟區的山西宮就是當地的「大廟」，主祀關聖帝君，另設有「孔子殿」，祀奉孔子。</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-77tjaiof fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1-en fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>Shanxi Temple is the &ldquo;grand temple&rdquo; in Guanziling, Tainan, dedicated to the worship of Saintly Emperor Guan Yu. Within the temple, there is a Confucius Hall that worships Confucius.</p>
<p></div><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="ffb-id-899juu7h fg-image  img-responsive fg-text-dark" width="1071" height="761" src="https://ourtown.tw/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/孔子2.jpg" alt="乾三連" title="乾三連"><div class="ffb-id-715jtahc fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1 fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>值得特別注意的是孔子神像後方的九幅神龕畫，是潘麗水藝師（1914~1995）的白描木版畫&mdash;孔子行跡圖。這組作品有幾個值得重視之處：</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-77tjcm54 fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1-en fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>The nine shrine paintings behind the statue of Confucius are particularly noteworthy. They are woodblock prints featuring the &ldquo;plain-sketch&rdquo; technique by artist Pan Lishui (1914&ndash;1995), depicting scenes from the life of Confucius.There are a few noteworthy aspects of this set of artworks:</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-794h0f3f fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1 fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>首先，這一組作品是潘麗水藝師職業生涯的最後期作品之一，山西宮落成於1982年，而潘麗水藝師在1985年就因身體狀況而處於半退休狀態，作品數量減少許多。</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-77tjdflo fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1-en fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>First, this set of artworks is among the last pieces created by artist Pan Lishui in his career. Shanxi Temple was established in 1982, and by 1985, Pan had become semi-retired due to health issues, leading to a significant decrease in the number of his creations.</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-7533m9t9 fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1 fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>再者，潘麗水藝師的門神畫、樑枋畫、寺廟壁畫在臺灣備受推崇，相對來講，白描的作品相當少見，山西宮的這一組白描木版畫是其中之一。</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-77tjdqgd fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1-en fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>Second, artist Pan Lishui&rsquo;s door gods paintings, beam and bracket paintings, and temple murals are deeply adored in Taiwan. His plain-sketch works are relatively rare. The set of plain-sketch woodblock prints at Shanxi Temple is one such example.</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-77tjf0r2 fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1 fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>最後，這一組作品描繪的是孔子生平的幾個故事，有受困的孔子，也有受人尊敬的場景。我們可以想象當長輩帶著子弟來到廟裏參拜孔子公，藉著寺廟中的繪畫作品向晚輩介紹孔子的事跡，這其實就是最樸素也最深入的教化形式了。</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-899kgiqf fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1-en fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>At last, this set of artworks depicts a few stories from the life of Confucius. In one scene, he appears stranded, while in others, he is shown with great respect. We can imagine that, when elders bring youngsters to the temple to worship Lord Confucius, they might use these paintings to introduce the stories and deeds of Confucius to the younger generation. This serves as the simplest, most straightforward, and yet profound form of education.</p>
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		<title>仙峰宮軼事</title>
		<link>https://ourtown.tw/culture/people/3192/</link>
					<comments>https://ourtown.tw/culture/people/3192/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[DC]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 13 Dec 2023 15:25:38 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[人物故事]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[文化]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://ourtown.tw/?p=3192</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[李王罔鳥松區夢裡人， 22歲時，依媒妁之言與李石柱成婚，李石柱是一位穩重老實，奉公守法的人，婚後兩人從佃農，一步一腳印走向建築事業。]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<section class="ffb-id-715jtagt fg-section fg-text-dark"><div class="fg-container container fg-container-medium fg-container-lvl--1 "><div class="fg-row row    " ><div class="ffb-id-715jtagv fg-col col-xs-12 col-md-12 fg-text-dark"><h2 class="ffb-id-6po50k1h fg-heading text-left    title-sub-eng fg-text-dark">Anecdotes about Sianfong Temple<br />
</h2><div class="ffb-id-715jtaha fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-auther-style1 fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>文、攝影 / 蔡芳玲</p>
<p></div><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="ffb-id-79kkqlip fg-image  img-responsive full-width fg-text-dark" width="1200" height="900" src="https://ourtown.tw/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/仙峰宮2.jpg" alt="仙峰宮2"><div class="ffb-id-715jtahb fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1 fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>李王罔鳥松區夢裡人， 22歲時，依媒妁之言與李石柱成婚，李石柱是一位穩重老實，奉公守法的人，婚後兩人從佃農，一步一腳印走向建築事業。</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-77tj6see fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1-en fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>Wang Wang Lee, a native of Mengli, Niaosong District, married Shizhu Lee at the age of 22 by matchmaker to Zuoying District.Mr. Lee was a steady, honest, law-abiding person. After marriage, the two developed a construction business together.</p>
<p></div><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="ffb-id-715jtahg fg-image  img-responsive fg-text-dark" width="1560" height="784" src="https://ourtown.tw/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/仙峰宮4.jpg" alt="乾三連" title="乾三連"><div class="ffb-id-77tj7e1a fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1 fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>民國81年，道士傳遞玄天上帝意旨，執筊委請李王罔統籌建廟事宜：蓋土地公廟&minus;仙峰宮，這重責大任一直讓她不敢承擔，李王罔懇請廟方，另尋有力名望仕紳擔綱，她願意提供棉薄善款捐助。後因騎摩托車竟無故跌倒，問了神明，神明再次指示希望由她主事。</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-77tj7ik1 fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1-en fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>In 2002, the Taoist priest conveyed the will of Heavenly God of Xuan Tianand to assign Ms. Lee&nbsp; to build Sianfong Temple for Earth God. She did not have the guts to take this holy impossible mission. She implored the temple authorities to find another powerful and famous male gentry to take the responsibility , she was willing to provide donations. Later, she fell down for no reason while riding a motorcycle, so she consulted the Heavenly God of Xuan Tian who once again instructed her to take charge of this mission.</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-715k8if9 fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1 fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>李王罔乃女中豪傑，一旦擔下，便義無反顧，神明指示下找到地(位於雄市大樹區，地址:三和里三和路130號)，賣地的村民告知：李王罔來買地前幾日，自己曾夢見土地公數次。</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-77tjaiof fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1-en fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>Ms. Lee was a heroine . Once she took over the responsibility, she would never regret. Under the instructions of the Earth God, she found the land (located in Dashu District,kaohsiung, address: No. 130, Sanhe Road, Sanheli). The landlord told her: "The Earth God has come. A few days before I planned to sell the land, I dreamed of the Earth God several times."</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-715jtahc fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1 fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>歡慶開工儀式，玄天上帝指示上午10點動土，叮囑建地四方備妥鞭炮，時辰一到，工人點燃金紙燃燒中，忽然一陣龍捲風颳起，四方鞭炮無人碰及、卻同時點燃，焰光照人，震天巨響。</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-77tjcm54 fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1-en fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>To celebrate the groundbreaking ceremony, Heavenly God of Xuan Tian instructed the time should be at 10 a.m. and ordered all believers to prepare firecrackers. When the time came, the believers were preparing for burning it. Suddenly a tornado blew up. No one touched the firecrackers, but they were lit at the same time. The flames illuminated their hearts and made a loud applause.</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-794h0f3f fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1 fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>蓋廟初期，左營北極殿玄天上帝指示蓋廟中心位置，後來與測量師的測量圖竟完全一致，把他嚇得瞠目結舌，蓋廟期間，神明也指示李王罔何處需補強建造，令工人嘆為觀止。</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-77tjdflo fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1-en fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>During the early construction, Heavenly God of Xuan Tian of Zuoying instructed the central location of the temple. Later, it was completely fitted with the surveyor&rsquo;s plan, which gave him a big shock. During the construction of the temple, the God also instructed Ms. Lee where to strengthen the construction , which amazed the workers.</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-7533m9t9 fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1 fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>一直鼓勵李王罔蓋房、蓋廟的水泥工&minus;李朝鉗、李琴、李金治、李進雄等，身體力行，贊助『人力與物力』，侯氏建設暨三寮灣東隆宮董事長侯正仁先慈侯王貴女士，擔任副主任委員，傾注『財力』相助下，突破困境，完成眾願，歷時10年終於功德圓滿。</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-77tjdqgd fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1-en fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>The cement workers also gave their financial and manpower support to Ms. Lee - Li Chaoqian, Li Qin, Li Jinzhi, Li Jinxiong, etc.,&nbsp; Mr. Zhengren Hou, Chairman of Hou's Construction and Sanliaowan Donglong Palace. His mother, Ms. Wanggui Hou served as the deputy chairman.&nbsp;</p>
<p>Ms. Lee overcame the difficulties and fulfilled everyone's wishes. It took 10 years to finally complete the merits.&nbsp;</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-77tjf0r2 fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-left    content-p-style1 fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>想像百年前的工匠陳養在左營下路、舊城國小、蓮池潭周圍小徑來回踱步及深思，體會到這是一個後天八卦的地形，蓮池潭西北側的廖家古厝位於相對高處的乾卦位置，蓮池潭的堤岸則是低處的坤卦位置。因此陳養向奎和伯仔推薦用「乾三連」門額，獲得同意，蓋了一座精緻的閩南大厝，工匠在門廳門聯留下「招百福 掃天災」的上聯，祝福主人家，也滿意地在古厝磚牆上落款留名。這樣百年前的工匠足跡及風水密碼，是在2019年才解謎。</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-7533p7bb fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-center    content-p-style1 fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>&nbsp;(民國20年農曆9月25日-民國104年農曆10月25日)</p>
<p></div><div class="ffb-id-77tjgtfl fg-paragraph ff-richtext text-center    content-p-style1-en fg-text-dark"></p>
<p>(Wang Wang Lee :25th, Sep. 1931-25th, Oct. 2019)</p>
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